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人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 1155-1191.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2026.0110

• 专题·综合评述 •    下一篇

蓝宝石光纤布拉格光栅高温传感解调技术研究进展

张景威1,2(), 覃志威1,2, 李卓达1,2, 常馨予1,2, 陈晓乐1,2, 白志勇1,2, 徐锡镇1,2(), 王义平1,2, 何俊1,2   

  1. 1.深圳大学物理与光电工程学院,光电子器件与系统教育部/广东省重点实验室,深圳大学射频异质异构集成全国重点实验室,深圳 518060
    2.广东省光纤传感技术粤港联合研究中心,深圳物联网光子器件与传感系统重点实验室,深圳 518060
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-04 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-08-26
  • 通信作者: 徐锡镇,博士,副教授。E-mail:xizhenxu@szu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张景威(2002—),男,广东省人,硕士研究生。E-mail:2510232193@mails.szu.edu.cn
    徐锡镇,深圳大学物理与光电工程学院副教授、博导,“广东特支计划”青年拔尖人才,深圳市高层次人才。目前的研究方向包括:光纤高温力热多参量传感技术、时空整形飞秒激光微纳加工技术。已主持国家自然科学基金2项(面上项目、青年科学基金)、国防科工局揭榜挂帅项目1项、JWZF专项项目1项、国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目子课题1项、广东省自然科学基金2项等;共发表论文70余篇,其中SCI期刊论文60篇,一作/通信22篇;授权发明专利13项;获得教育部自然科学奖二等奖1项、广东省光学学会光学科技奖一等奖1项。连续两年(2023年、2024年)入选全球前2%科学家“年度科学影响力排行榜”。担任深圳市南山区物联网光子器件与系统重点实验室副主任、红外与激光工程青年编委、Sensors期刊客座编辑等。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(62435012);国家自然科学基金(62375176);“广东特支计划”科技创新青年拔尖人才(2024TQ08Z673)

Research Progress in High-Temperature Sensing Demodulation Technologies for Sapphire Fiber Bragg Gratings

ZHANG Jingwei1,2(), QIN Zhiwei1,2, LI Zhuoda1,2, CHANG Xinyu1,2, CHEN Xiaole1,2, BAI Zhiyong1,2, XU Xizhen1,2(), WANG Yiping1,2, HE Jun1,2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province,College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China
    2.Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things,Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors,Shenzhen 518060,China
  • Received:2026-06-04 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-08-26

摘要: 蓝宝石光纤布拉格光栅(SFBG)可在1 800 ℃以上实现原位、多点高精度测温,是航空发动机、核能与工业炉等极端环境监测的重要传感器。然而,蓝宝石光纤的强多模特性导致反射谱宽带、多峰叠加且对耦合与封装高度敏感,使其解调机理与传统石英光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)显著不同。本文围绕SFBG波长解调需求,系统梳理并对比光谱分析仪(OSA)阵列光谱仪直接测量及光学频域反射(OFDR)解调等技术路线,从解调速度、分辨率/精度、量程、复用能力与鲁棒性等关键指标总结代表性进展。进一步归纳提升信噪比与稳定性的工程与算法研究,包括模式滤除、模式减少、单模化与稳模、端面与耦合优化、高温封装、互相关算法及机器学习辅助算法等。最后从阵列波导光栅(AWG)小型化解调、扫频激光路线快速解调与干涉型高精度解调三方面展望SFBG解调系统的发展方向,为光纤高温及应变传感工程化实时解调的发展提供参考。

关键词: 蓝宝石光纤; 蓝宝石光纤布拉格光栅; 波长解调; 高温传感; 光谱仪; 信噪比; 解调算法

Abstract: Sapphire fiber Bragg gratings (SFBG) can realize in-situ, multipoint, and high-accuracy temperature measurement above 1 800 ℃, making them important sensors for extreme-environment monitoring in aerospace engines, nuclear energy systems, and industrial furnaces. However, the strong multimode characteristics of sapphire fibers lead to broadband reflection spectra, overlapping multiple peaks, and high sensitivity to coupling and packaging conditions, making their demodulation mechanisms significantly different from those of conventional silica fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Focusing on the wavelength demodulation requirements of SFBG, this paper systematically reviews and compares technical routes including direct spectral measurement by optical spectrum analyzers (OSA) or array spectrometers, as well as optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) demodulation. Representative progress is summarized in terms of key performance indicators such as demodulation speed, resolution/accuracy, measurement range, multiplexing capability, and robustness. Engineering and algorithmic approaches for improving signal-to-noise ratio and stability are further summarized, including mode filtering, mode reduction, single-mode operation and mode stabilization, end-face and coupling optimization, high-temperature packaging, cross-correlation algorithms, and machine-learning-assisted algorithms. Finally, future development trends of SFBG demodulation systems are discussed from three perspectives: miniaturized demodulation based on arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG), high-speed demodulation based on swept-laser schemes, and high-precision demodulation based on interferometric methods. This review provides a reference for the engineering development of real-time demodulation in high-temperature and strain sensing using optical fibers.

Key words: sapphire fiber; sapphire fiber Bragg grating; wavelength demodulation; high-temperature sensing; spectrometer; signal-to-noise ratio; demodulation algorithm

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