
人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (9): 1344-1356.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2026.0122
收稿日期:2026-06-25
出版日期:2026-09-20
发布日期:2026-09-29
通信作者:
申慧,博士,教授。E-mail:hshen@sit.edu.cn作者简介:王圣麟(2001—),男,四川省人,硕士研究生。基金资助:
WANG Shenglin, SHEN Hui(
), RAN Yiming, CHEN Zhenghong, XU Jiayue
Received:2026-06-25
Online:2026-09-20
Published:2026-09-29
摘要: 磁光晶体能保证激光单向传输,广泛应用于非互易光学器件、光隔离器、光开关等器件,在光通信、高功率激光等领域发挥着不可替代作用。目前,以TGG、CeF3、YIG等为代表的传统磁光材料,在紫外、可见光至近红外波段已得到广泛应用。然而,对于日益增长的中红外甚至太赫兹波段的潜在应用需求,目前缺乏综合性能优异的磁光材料。近年来,六方非共线反铁磁Mn3Sn具有独特kagome晶格和拓扑能带结构,被Nature等期刊连续报道。Mn3Sn具有极小的净磁矩,能够产生巨大的磁光克尔效应与反常霍尔效应,在中红外、太赫兹波段等具有应用前景。本文系统梳理了以Mn3Sn晶体为代表的新型拓扑磁光材料的最新研究进展,包括磁光性能、相关调控机理与晶体生长等,为新型磁光材料设计提供有价值的参考。
中图分类号:
王圣麟, 申慧, 冉一鸣, 陈正弘, 徐家跃. 新型拓扑磁光材料研究进展[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2026, 55(9): 1344-1356.
WANG Shenglin, SHEN Hui, RAN Yiming, CHEN Zhenghong, XU Jiayue. Research Progress on Novel Topological Magneto-Optical Materials[J]. Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 2026, 55(9): 1344-1356.
图2 Mn3Sn晶格、磁矩和磁相变示意图[30,34]。(a)Mn3Sn晶体结构;(b)Mn3Sn磁结构;(c)自旋结构随温度转变示意图
Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the crystal lattice, magnetic moments, and magnetic phase transition of Mn3Sn[30,34]. (a) Crystal structure of Mn3Sn; (b) magnetic structure of Mn3Sn; (c) schematic diagram of the spin structure evolution with temperature
图3 非共线反铁磁Mn3Sn中的磁光克尔旋转角(300 K)[36]。(a)(21ˉ1ˉ0)晶面极向磁光克尔转角θK随外场的变化曲线(磁场平行晶面(21ˉ1ˉ0));(b)在φ=0°~90°测得的(21ˉ1ˉ0)晶面纵向磁光克尔转角θK;(c)极向、纵向两种磁光克尔效应(MOKE)测试光路结构示意图;(d)零磁场条件下,(21ˉ1ˉ0)晶面在400~1 100 nm波段的极向磁光克尔光谱
Fig.3 Magneto-optic Kerr rotation angle in noncollinear antiferromagnetic Mn3Sn at 300 K[36]. (a) Polar magneto-optic Kerr rotation θK as a function of external magnetic field for the (21ˉ1ˉ0) crystal plane with the field parallel to the plane; (b) longitudinal magneto-optic Kerr rotation θK measured for the (21ˉ1ˉ0) plane in the angular range from 0° to 90°; (c) schematic diagram of the optical path configuration for polar and longitudinal magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements; (d) polar magneto-optic Kerr spectrum of the (21ˉ1ˉ0) plane in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 100 nm under zero magnetic field
图4 室温下铁磁体、亚铁磁体及Mn3Sn等反铁磁体的极向克尔效应随磁化强度的变化关系[36]
Fig.4 Relationship between the polar Kerr effect and magnetization for ferromagnets, ferrimagnets, and Mn3Sn-containing antiferromagnets at room temperature[36]
图5 Mn3Sn薄膜的超快调制Voigt效应[41]。(a)全光学泵浦-探测实验装置原理图,400 nm泵浦激光脉冲(蓝色)引发反铁磁有序扰动,800 nm探测激光脉冲(红色)通过正交偏振片检测偏振强度变化(ΔP);(b)室温下样品取向分别为θ=45°与θ=0°时偏振角变化(ΔP)随时间的变化曲线,θ=0°代表晶向(1ˉ100)与x轴平行;(c)在T=300 K时ΔR和ΔP的比较
Fig.5 Ultrafast modulation of the Voigt effect in a Mn3Sn film[41]. (a) Schematic diagram of all-optical pump-probe experimental setup: a 400 nm pump laser pulse (blue) induces a quench of the antiferromagnetic order, and an 800 nm probe laser pulse (red) passes through crossed polarizers to detect the change in polarization (ΔP); (b) time evolution of the ΔP at room temperature for sample orientation of θ=45° and θ=0°, θ=0° corresponds to the crystallographic direction (1ˉ100) parallel to the x-axis; (c) comparison of ΔR and ΔP at T=300 K
图6 Mn3Sn薄膜在300 K的纵向磁光克尔磁滞回线[42]。(a) Al2O3/Mn3Sn (0001)、Al2O3/Mn3Sn (112ˉ0)和MgO/Mn3Sn(112ˉ0)薄膜的LMOKE曲线;(b)面内各向异性LMOKE表征的样品构型示意图;(c)Al2O3/Mn3Sn (0001)样品在(0001)面内的各向异性LMOKE磁滞回线;(d)LMOKE饱和克尔旋转角θK随面内方位角φ的变化关系
Fig.6 Longitudinal magneto-optic Kerr hysteresis loops measured for Mn3Sn thin films at 300 K[42]. (a) LMOKE loops for Al2O3/Mn3Sn (0001), Al2O3/Mn3Sn (112ˉ0), and MgO/Mn3Sn (112ˉ0) thin films; (b) schematic diagram of the sample configuration for in-plane anisotropy LMOKE characterization; (c) in-plane anisotropic LMOKE hysteresis loops for the Al2O3/Mn3Sn (0001) sample in the (0001) plane; (d) LMOKE saturation Kerr rotation angle θK as a function of in-plane azimuthal angle φ
| 材料 | 测试条件 | 性能参数 |
|---|---|---|
Mn3Sn单晶 (2 | 300 K, 660 nm, B//(2 | 极向磁光克尔转角θK=17.5 mdeg |
| 300 K, 580 nm | 零场极向磁光克尔转角θK=19.6 mdeg | |
| Mn3Sn(11 | 全光学泵浦-探测,300 K 泵浦光: 400 nm 探测光: 800 nm | Voigt偏振旋转变化ΔP=370 μrad |
| Mn3Sn(0001)薄膜/Pt缓冲层/Al2O3(0001)[ | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(11 | 纵向磁光克尔转角|θK|=37.4 mdeg |
| Mn3Sn(11 | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(1 | 纵向磁光克尔转角|θK|=18.3 mdeg |
| Mn3Sn(11 | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(1 | 纵向磁光克尔转角|θK|=12.8 mdeg |
| Mn3Sn(0001)薄膜/Al2O3(0001)[ | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(2 | 纵向磁光克尔旋转角|θK|=16.2 mdeg |
| Mn3+x Sn1-x (x=0.02)(薄膜厚度50 nm)[ | 偏振分辨太赫兹时域光谱 300 K, 0.5~2.5 THz | 偏振旋转角θ≈4 mrad |
| Mn3+x Sn1-x (x=0.02)(薄膜厚度200 nm)[ | 偏振旋转角θ≈5 mrad | |
| Mn3+x Sn1-x (x=0.02)(薄膜厚度400 nm)[ | 偏振旋转角θ≈7 mrad |
表1 Mn3Sn单晶和薄膜的磁光性能汇总
Table 1 Summary of magneto-optical properties of Mn3Sn single crystals and thin films
| 材料 | 测试条件 | 性能参数 |
|---|---|---|
Mn3Sn单晶 (2 | 300 K, 660 nm, B//(2 | 极向磁光克尔转角θK=17.5 mdeg |
| 300 K, 580 nm | 零场极向磁光克尔转角θK=19.6 mdeg | |
| Mn3Sn(11 | 全光学泵浦-探测,300 K 泵浦光: 400 nm 探测光: 800 nm | Voigt偏振旋转变化ΔP=370 μrad |
| Mn3Sn(0001)薄膜/Pt缓冲层/Al2O3(0001)[ | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(11 | 纵向磁光克尔转角|θK|=37.4 mdeg |
| Mn3Sn(11 | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(1 | 纵向磁光克尔转角|θK|=18.3 mdeg |
| Mn3Sn(11 | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(1 | 纵向磁光克尔转角|θK|=12.8 mdeg |
| Mn3Sn(0001)薄膜/Al2O3(0001)[ | 300 K, 633 nm, B//(2 | 纵向磁光克尔旋转角|θK|=16.2 mdeg |
| Mn3+x Sn1-x (x=0.02)(薄膜厚度50 nm)[ | 偏振分辨太赫兹时域光谱 300 K, 0.5~2.5 THz | 偏振旋转角θ≈4 mrad |
| Mn3+x Sn1-x (x=0.02)(薄膜厚度200 nm)[ | 偏振旋转角θ≈5 mrad | |
| Mn3+x Sn1-x (x=0.02)(薄膜厚度400 nm)[ | 偏振旋转角θ≈7 mrad |
图7 Mn3Sn晶体的电子结构图[46]。(a)块体Mn3Sn的能带结构;(b)四个Weyl节点的手性
Fig.7 Electronic structure of the Mn3Sn crystal[46]. (a) Band structure of bulk Mn3Sn; (b) chirality of the four Weyl nodes
图9 高质量Mn3Sn单晶的制备。(a)同一批次生长的锥形Mn3Sn单晶[51];(b)线切割技术制备的片状样品[51];(c)Mn3Sn单晶照片,黑色箭头与圆点代表(0001)晶向[55]
Fig.9 Preparation of high-quality Mn3Sn single crystals. (a) Conical Mn3Sn single crystals grown in the same batch[51]; (b) plate-like samples prepared using the wire-cutting technique[51]; (c) photograph of a Mn3Sn single crystal, with black arrows and dots indicating the (0001) crystallographic direction[55]
图10 Mn3Sn单晶的结构表征[56]。(a)Mn3Sn三个晶面的XRD图谱;(b)晶体实物照片及其晶面;(c)Mn3Sn的粉末XRD图谱;(d)Mn3Sn(202ˉ2)的面内φ扫描图案
Fig.10 Structural characterization of Mn3Sn single crystals[56]. (a) XRD patterns of three crystallographic planes of Mn3Sn; (b) photograph of the crystal and its corresponding crystallographic planes; (c) powder XRD pattern of Mn3Sn; (d) in-plane φ scanning pattern of Mn3Sn (202ˉ2)
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