染料敏化太阳能电池载流子传输的数值模拟

人工晶体学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 687-694.

染料敏化太阳能电池载流子传输的数值模拟

程友良^1,2,3, 集鑫锋^1,2,3, 刘萌^1,2,3

1.华北电力大学动力工程系,保定 071003;
2.华北电力大学河北省低碳高效发电技术重点实验室,保定 071003;
3.华北电力大学保定市低碳高效发电技术重点实验室,保定 071003

收稿日期:2021-11-08 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-05-16
作者简介:程友良(1963—),男,湖北省人,博士,教授。E-mail:ylcheng001@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(11232012);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2018QN082)

Numerical Simulation of Carrier Transmission in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

CHENG Youliang^1,2,3, JI Xinfeng^1,2,3, LIU Meng^1,2,3

1. Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China;
2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency Power Generation Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China;
3. Baoding Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency Power Generation Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China

Received:2021-11-08 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-05-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于在染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cell, DSSC)中存在染料弛豫、半导体薄膜中电子与氧化态染料分子发生反应和电子在电解质中与氧化态离子复合等不利反应,利用一个更完善的DSSC载流子传输模型对电池的光电性能进行模拟就显得非常重要。为此,本文基于由多重俘获理论建立的DSSC中的包括电子、染料阳离子、碘化物和三碘化物在内的载流子传输模型,数值模拟得到了不同TiO₂薄膜厚度、不同入射光强度与不同染料分子吸收系数下DSSC的J-V曲线。结果表明,随着TiO₂薄膜厚度的增加,太阳能电池的短路电流密度增大,开路电压减小,光电转换效率先增大后减小。当DSSC的TiO₂薄膜厚度为20 μm时,光电转换效率达到最大值7.41%,同时光电转换效率随入射光强度与染料分子吸收系数的增大均有一定程度提高,其中在吸收系数为4 500 cm^-1时,光电转换效率为6.73%。以上结果可以为改进DSSC的光电性能提供理论指导。

关键词: 染料敏化太阳能电池, 载流子传输模型, 薄膜厚度, 入射光强度, 吸收系数, 数值模拟, 光电转换

Abstract: There are some adverse reactions in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), such as dye relaxation, electrons in semiconductor films react with oxidized dye molecules and electron recombination with oxidized ions in electrolyte. It is very important to use a more sophisticated DSSC carrier transport model to simulate the photoelectric performance of the battery. Therefore, this paper is based on the carrier transport model including electron, dye cation, iodide and triiodide in DSSC established by multiple capture theory. The J-V curves of DSSC with different TiO₂ film thickness, different incident light intensity and different dye molecular absorption coefficient were obtained by numerical simulation. The results show that with the increase of TiO₂ film thickness, the short-circuit current density of solar cells increases, the open circuit voltage decreases, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency first increases and then decreases. When the TiO₂ film thickness of DSSC is 20 μm, the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches the maximum value of 7.41%. At the same time, the photoelectric conversion efficiency increases with the increase of incident light intensity and dye molecular absorption coefficient. When the absorption coefficient is 4 500 cm^-1, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 6.73%. The above analysis and research results can provide theoretical guidance for improving the photoelectric performance of DSSC.

Key words: dye sensitized solar cell, carrier transport model, film thickness, incident light intensity, absorption coefficient, numerical simulation, photoelectric conversion efficiency

中图分类号:

程友良, 集鑫锋, 刘萌. 染料敏化太阳能电池载流子传输的数值模拟[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2022, 51(4): 687-694.

CHENG Youliang, JI Xinfeng, LIU Meng. Numerical Simulation of Carrier Transmission in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells[J]. JOURNAL OF SYNTHETIC CRYSTALS, 2022, 51(4): 687-694.

参考文献

[1] OMAR A, ALI M S, ABD RAHIM N. Electron transport properties analysis of titanium dioxide dye-sensitized solar cells (TiO₂-DSSCs) based natural dyes using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy concept: a review[J]. Solar Energy, 2020, 207: 1088-1121.
[2] REN Y M, SUN D Y, CAO Y M, et al. A stable blue photosensitizer for color palette of dye-sensitized solar cells reaching 12.6% efficiency[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2018, 140(7): 2405-2408.
[3] LIM D S, CHOI K, HAYATI D, et al. Blue-colored dyes featuring a diketopyrrolopyrrole spacer for translucent dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Dyes and Pigments, 2020, 173: 107840.
[4] JAMES S, CONTRACTOR R. Study on nature-inspired fractal design-based flexible counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated using additive manufacturing[J]. Scientific Reports, 2018, 8: 17032.
[5] LI G, SHENG L, LI T Y, et al. Engineering flexible dye-sensitized solar cells for portable electronics[J]. Solar Energy, 2019, 177: 80-98.
[6] LIU J, LI Y, YONG S, et al. Flexible printed monolithic-structured solid-state dye sensitized solar cells on woven glass fibre textile for wearable energy harvesting applications[J]. Scientific Reports, 2019, 9: 1362.
[7] MUSTAFA M N, SULAIMAN Y. Fully flexible dye-sensitized solar cells photoanode modified with titanium dioxide-graphene quantum dot light scattering layer[J]. Solar Energy, 2020, 212: 332-338.
[8] RAÏSSI M, PELLEGRIN Y, LEFEVRE F X, et al. Digital printing of efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)[J]. Solar Energy, 2020, 199: 92-99.
[9] ANTA J A, CASANUEVA F, OSKAM G. A numerical model for charge transport and recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2006, 110(11): 5372-5378.
[10] KAKIAGE K, AOYAMA Y, YANO T, et al. Highly-efficient dye-sensitized solar cells with collaborative sensitization by silyl-anchor and carboxy-anchor dyes[J]. Chemical Communications, 2015, 51(88): 15894-15897.
[11] SNAITH H J. Estimating the maximum attainable efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2010, 20(1): 13-19.
[12] VILLANUEVA J, ANTA J A, GUILLÉN E, et al. Numerical simulation of the current-voltage curve in dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009, 113(45): 19722-19731.
[13] BISQUERT J, MORA-SERÓ I. Simulation of steady-state characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells and the interpretation of the diffusion length[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2010, 1(1): 450-456.
[14] BARNES P R F, ANDERSON A Y, DURRANT J R, et al. Simulation and measurement of complete dye sensitised solar cells: including the influence of trapping, electrolyte, oxidised dyes and light intensity on steady state and transient device behaviour[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP, 2011, 13(13): 5798-5816.
[15] TRIPATHI B, YADAV P, KUMAR M. Theoretical upper limit of short-circuit current density of TiO₂ nanorod based dye-sensitized solar cell[J]. Results in Physics, 2013, 3: 182-186.
[16] TRIPATHI B, YADAV P, KUMAR M. Charge transfer and recombination kinetics in dye-sensitized solar cell using static and dynamic electrical characterization techniques[J]. Solar Energy, 2014, 108: 107-116.
[17] 程友良,杨卫平.染料敏化太阳能电池电子传输的数值模拟研究[J].新能源进展,2020,8(1):68-74.
CHENG Y L, YANG W P. Numerical simulation of electron transmission of dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Energy, 2020, 8(1): 68-74(in Chinese).
[18] 程友良,杨卫平,李卫华,等.天然染料敏化太阳能电池性能模拟研究[J].新能源进展,2020,8(2):157-164.
CHENG Y L, YANG W P, LI W H, et al. Simulation study on performance of natural dye sensitized solar cells[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Energy, 2020, 8(2): 157-164(in Chinese).
[19] RUDRA S, SEO H W, SARKER S, et al. Simulation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of dye-sensitized solar cells[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2021, 97: 574-583.
[20] PAPAGEORGIOU N, GRÄTZEL M, INFELTA P P. On the relevance of mass transport in thin layer nanocrystalline photoelectrochemical solar cells[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 1996, 44(4): 405-438.