一维硒纳米材料的可控合成

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 一维硒纳米材料因其独特的结构和物理化学性质在纳米电子器件等领域展现出诱人的前景,因此,寻求一种快速、简便、环境友好的一维硒纳米材料的合成方法具有重要的研究意义。本文将采用硒代硫酸钠(Na₂SeSO₃)作为硒源,聚氧乙烯月桂醚为表面活性剂,通过硒代硫酸钠歧化反应首先得到无定形的红色硒单质(α-Se),然后在超声辐射作用下,将无定形硒转化为三方相硒(t-Se)一维纳米结构(纳米管或纳米棒)。实验结果发现:乙酸和表面活性剂用量是影响硒纳米管和纳米棒形貌和粒径的关键因素,乙酸的量超过5.0 mg/mL时,产物为硒纳米棒,将乙酸用量保持在低浓度时,产物为硒纳米管,且硒纳米管的壁厚随聚氧乙烯月桂醚用量的增加有变厚的趋势。α-Se转化成一维t-Se纳米结构遵循“固-溶-固”的生长机制,且表面活性剂导向生长机制在纳米管的形成过程中起着重要作用。

关键词: 无定形硒, 硒纳米管, 硒纳米棒, 乙酸, 聚氧乙烯月桂醚, 表面活性剂导向生长机制

Abstract: One-dimensional selenium nanomaterials have shown attractive prospects in the field of nanoelectronic devices due to their unique structure and physical and chemical properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to seek a fast, simple and environmentally friendly method to synthesize one-dimensional selenium nanomaterials. In this paper, with sodium selenosulfate (Na₂SeSO₃) as the selenium source and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether as the surfactant, the amorphous red selenium (α-Se) was obtained by the disproportionation reaction of sodium selenosulfate firstly, and then the amorphous selenium was converted into one-dimensional nanostructures (nanotubes or nanorods) of trigonal selenium (t-Se) under ultrasonic irradiation. The experimental results show that both the amount of acetic acid and surfactant are the key factor affecting the morphology and particle size of selenium nanotubes and nanorods. When the concentration of acetic acid exceeds 5.0 mg/mL, the product is selenium nanorods. When the concentration of acetic acid is kept at a low concentration, the product is selenium nanotubes, and the wall thickness of selenium nanotubes increases as increasing the concentration of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether. The transformation of α-Se into one-dimensional t-Se nanostructures follows the 'solid-solution-solid' growth mechanism, and the surfactant-directed growth mechanism plays an important role in the formation of nanotubes.

Key words: amorphous selenium, selenium nanotube, selenium nanorod, acetic acid, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, surfactant-directed growth mechanism

中图分类号:

O631
TB383.1

袁晓涵, 张建花. 一维硒纳米材料的可控合成[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2024, 53(12): 2189-2196.

YUAN Xiaohan, ZHANG Jianhua. Controllable Synthesis of One-Dimensional Selenium Nanomaterials[J]. JOURNAL OF SYNTHETIC CRYSTALS, 2024, 53(12): 2189-2196.

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