SiC纳米线改性C/C复合材料的制备及其电磁波吸收性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： C/C复合材料因低密度、耐高温等特性在航空航天材料方面具有很广泛的应用,通过改性的方法提高该类材料的电磁波吸收性能有望拓宽其应用领域。本文以酚醛树脂、Si和SiO₂粉体,以及催化剂二茂铁为原料,采用先驱体浸渍裂解法制备C/C复合材料,然后通过化学气相反应法在C/C复合材料中生成SiC纳米线(SiC_nw),制备出SiC_nw改性C/C复合材料(SiC_nw/C/C)。研究了C/C和SiC_nw/C/C复合材料的结构与性能,探讨了SiC_nw含量对C/C复合材料电磁波吸收性能的影响。结果表明,通过本方法可在C/C复合材料中成功引入具有核壳结构的SiC_nw,并且随着SiC_nw含量增加,C/C复合材料的电磁波吸收性能显著提升。当SiC_nw含量为15.4%(质量分数)时,SiC_nw/C/C复合材料在厚度为2.07 mm处的最小反射损耗值为-38.02 dB,明显低于同类其他材料,表现出优异的电磁波吸收性能。本文研究制备的SiC_nw/C/C复合材料可为高性能碳/陶复合材料的制备提供技术和理论支撑。

关键词: SiC纳米线, 碳纤维, 复合材料, 电磁波吸收性能, 催化剂, 化学气相反应

Abstract: C/C composites have a wide range of applications in aerospace materials due to their low density, high temperature resistance and other characteristics. Improving the microwave absorbing performance of these materials through modification methods is expected to broaden their application fields. In this paper, C/C composite, SiC nanowire (SiC_nw), and SiC_nw modified C/C composite were fabricated by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method, and chemical vapor reaction method using phenolic resin, Si, SiO₂ and catalyst ferrocene as raw materials. The microstructures and properties of C/C and SiC_nw/C/C composites were studied, and the influence of SiC_nw content to electromagnetic wave absorption performance of C/C composites was discussed. The results show that SiC_nw with core/shell structure is successfully introduced into C/C composite, and the SiC_nw/C/C composite exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance with the increasing of SiC_nw content, and the minimum reflection loss of SiC_nw/C/C composite with 15.4% (mass fraction) SiC_nw is -38.02 dB with a thickness of 2.07 mm, significantly lower than those of other materials. This work provides a technical and theoretical basis for the preparation of high-performance carbon/ceramic composites.

Key words: SiC nanowire, carbon fiber, composite, electromagnetic wave absorption performance, catalyzer, chemical vapor reaction

中图分类号:

TB332

桂凯旋, 罗祥洁, 刘方瑜, 赵晓玉. SiC纳米线改性C/C复合材料的制备及其电磁波吸收性能研究[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2024, 53(5): 889-898.

GUI Kaixuan, LUO Xiangjie, LIU Fangyu, ZHAO Xiaoyu. Fabrication and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Performance of C/C Composites Modified by SiC Nanowires[J]. JOURNAL OF SYNTHETIC CRYSTALS, 2024, 53(5): 889-898.

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