CdS在光伏太阳电池中的应用

doi:10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0177

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 硫化镉（CdS）作为一种高性能直接带隙半导体，因带隙可调、载流子迁移率高且化学性质稳定，可作为电子传输层、缓冲层和窗口层，被广泛应用于光伏领域。CdS优异的光吸收特性、合适的能带及界面的匹配性有助于提升太阳电池的效率与稳定性。本综述系统梳理了硫化镉在钙钛矿太阳电池、聚合物太阳电池及铜铟镓硒（CIGS）太阳电池中的最新应用，并展望了未来发展趋势，为该材料的持续开发与产业化应用提供了清晰的技术路线。

关键词: 硫化镉; 钙钛矿太阳电池; 聚合物太阳电池; 铜铟镓硒太阳电池; 界面工程; 能带匹配; 量子点

Abstract: As a high-performance direct bandgap semiconductor，cadmium sulfide （CdS） is widely used in the photovoltaic field as an electron transport layer，buffer layer，and window layer due to its adjustable bandgap，high carrier mobility，and stable chemical properties. Its excellent light absorption，band alignment，and interfacial properties contribute to improving efficiency and stability of solar cells. This review systematically covers recent CdS applications in perovskite，polymer，and copper indium gallium selenide （CIGS） solar cells，and outlines future trends，offering a clear roadmap for its continued development and practical implementation.

Key words: CdS; perovskite solar cell; polymer solar cell; CIGS solar cell; interface engineering; band alignment; quantum dot

中图分类号:

TM914.4

张超超, 黎泽琛, 田楠. CdS在光伏太阳电池中的应用[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2026, 55(2): 163-172.

ZHANG Chaochao, LI Zechen, TIAN Nan. Application of CdS in Photovoltaic Solar Cells[J]. Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 2026, 55(2): 163-172.

图/表 4

图1 CdS在钙钛矿太阳电池中的应用。（a）钙钛矿太阳电池中能带结构及载流子输运示意图［12］；（b）CdS处理钝化钙钛矿薄膜的结构示意图［16］；（c）钝化器件在AM 1.5 G光照（100 mW·cm-2）下测得的电流-电压（J-V）曲线［18］；（d）CdS基和原始TiO2钙钛矿太阳电池在空气中暴露后的归一化效率［18］

Fig.1 Application of CdS in perovskite solar cells. （a） Schematic of band energy level and carrier transport in perovskite solar cells［12］；（b） schematic illustration of a passivated perovskite ?lm with CdS treatment［16］；（c） J-V curves of the champion devices with CdS treatment measured under AM 1.5 G illumination （100 mW·cm-2）［18］；（d） normalized efffciency of unencapsulated CdS-based and pristine TiO2 perovskite solar cell exposed in air［18］

图2 CdS在聚合物太阳电池中的应用。（a）所制备器件的结构示意图及能级图［28］；（b）器件在AM 1.5 G光照（100 mW·cm-2）下测得的电流-电压［28］；（c）二元与三元共混杂化有机太阳能电池的电流-电压曲线［30］；（d）未掺杂与CdS掺杂器件的外量子效率（EQE）曲线［30］

Fig.2 Application of CdS in polymer solar cells. （a） Schematic and the energy scheme of the prepared devices［28］；（b）J-V curves of the champion devices measured under AM 1.5 G illumination （100 mW·cm-2）［28］；（c） J-V curves of the binary and ternary blended hybrid organic solar cells［30］；（d） EQE curves of the undoped and CdS-doped devices［30］

图3 CIGS薄膜太阳电池结构、能带及带隙-效率关系。（a）CIGS器件结构示意图［34］；（b）CIGS器件结构对应带隙及能带图［34］；（c）CIGS太阳电池效率η随CIGS层带隙（Eg）变化曲线［38］

Fig.3 Structure，energy bands，and relationship between bandgap and efficiency of CIGS thin-film solar cells.（a） Illustration of CIGS device structure［34］；（b） structure of CIGS device corresponds to bandgap and band diagram［34］；（c） curves of CIGS solar cell efficiency η varying with band gap （Eg） of CIGS layer［38］

图4 CdS作为窗口层材料在CIGS中的应用［40］。（a）在窗口层上沉积CdS量子点的CIGS器件结构示意图；（b）CIGS器件的电流密度-电压特性曲线对比：采用CdS 量子点窗口层与基准器件性能对比

Fig.4 Application of CdS as a window layer material in CIGS［40］.（a） Schematic diagram of a CIGS device structure with CdS quantum dots deposited on window layer；（b） comparison of current density-voltage characteristics of CIGS devices：performance comparison between devices using CdS quantum dots window layer and reference devices

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