
人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (7): 1084-1092.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2026.0066
韩松帅1,2,3(
), 代小爽1,2,3, 江俊峰1,2,3(
), 王双1,2,3(
), 刘琨1,2,3, 向梅4(
), 陈鑫1,2,3, 张建德5, 刘铁根1,2,3
收稿日期:2026-04-17
出版日期:2026-07-20
发布日期:2026-08-04
通信作者:
江俊峰,博士,教授。E-mail:jiangjfjxu@tju.edu.cn;作者简介:韩松帅(2003—),男,山西省人。E-mail:3021202212@tju.edu.cn基金资助:
HAN Songshuai1,2,3(
), DAI Xiaoshuang1,2,3, JIANG Junfeng1,2,3(
), WANG Shuang1,2,3(
), LIU Kun1,2,3, XIANG Mei4(
), CHEN Xin1,2,3, ZHANG Jiande5, LIU Tiegen1,2,3
Received:2026-04-17
Online:2026-07-20
Published:2026-08-04
摘要: 光纤法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot, F-P)微腔传感器凭借抗电磁干扰、环境适应性强、体积小及精度高等优势,在高温环境下的物理参量传感领域得到广泛关注。本文综述了蓝宝石光纤F-P微腔传感器的研究进展,梳理了本征型、空气隙型、晶片型、沉积薄膜型及复合腔型微腔传感器的结构特性与高温性能,总结了传感器在高温环境下的稳定测量能力,测温最高可达1 800 ℃。当前微腔传感技术面临高温长期稳定性、多参数解耦、系统集成及规模化制备工艺等关键挑战,在新工艺制造技术推动下,蓝宝石光纤F-P微腔传感器正朝着微型化、批量化制备及多用途化方向发展。
中图分类号:
韩松帅, 代小爽, 江俊峰, 王双, 刘琨, 向梅, 陈鑫, 张建德, 刘铁根. 高温环境下蓝宝石光纤微腔传感的研究进展[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2026, 55(7): 1084-1092.
HAN Songshuai, DAI Xiaoshuang, JIANG Junfeng, WANG Shuang, LIU Kun, XIANG Mei, CHEN Xin, ZHANG Jiande, LIU Tiegen. Research Progress of Sapphire Fiber Microcavity Sensing in High-Temperature Environment[J]. Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 2026, 55(7): 1084-1092.
图1 蓝宝石光纤F-P微腔传感器基本构型。(a)本征型;(b)空气隙型;(c)沉积薄膜型;(d)晶片型;(e)复合腔型
Fig.1 Basic configurations of sapphire fiber F-P microcavity sensors. (a) Intrinsic type; (b) air-gap type; (c) thin-film deposition type; (d) wafer type; (e) composite cavity type
| 指标类型 | 本征型 | 空气隙型 | 沉积薄膜型 | 晶片型 | 复合腔型 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 测温上限/℃ | <1 500 | <1 050 | 约1 000 | 约1 800 | 1 400~1 500 |
| 压力灵敏度 | — | — | — | 0.877 µm/MPa(室温) 1.193 µm/MPa(1 200 ℃) | 0.325 3 µm/MPa (1 400 ℃) |
| 长期稳定性 | 良 | 差 | 差 | 优 | 良 |
| 制作工艺复杂度 | 低 | 中 | 中 | 高 | 高 |
| 主要优势 | 结构简单,成本低 | 腔长可灵活调节,易串联复用 | 体积小,反射率可调 | 耐温上限高,无胶封装稳定性好 | 多参量同时测量,集成度高 |
| 主要劣势 | 模场失配损耗大,熔接点高温易损 | 端面平行度要求高,热膨胀差异导致线性度差 | 测温上限受限于 材料性质 | 装配精度要求高,干涉条纹对比度差 | 结构设计与信号解调复杂,键合工艺要求高 |
表1 不同构型蓝宝石光纤F-P微腔传感器综合性能对比
Table 1 Comprehensive performance comparison of sapphire fiber F-P microcavity sensors with different configurations
| 指标类型 | 本征型 | 空气隙型 | 沉积薄膜型 | 晶片型 | 复合腔型 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 测温上限/℃ | <1 500 | <1 050 | 约1 000 | 约1 800 | 1 400~1 500 |
| 压力灵敏度 | — | — | — | 0.877 µm/MPa(室温) 1.193 µm/MPa(1 200 ℃) | 0.325 3 µm/MPa (1 400 ℃) |
| 长期稳定性 | 良 | 差 | 差 | 优 | 良 |
| 制作工艺复杂度 | 低 | 中 | 中 | 高 | 高 |
| 主要优势 | 结构简单,成本低 | 腔长可灵活调节,易串联复用 | 体积小,反射率可调 | 耐温上限高,无胶封装稳定性好 | 多参量同时测量,集成度高 |
| 主要劣势 | 模场失配损耗大,熔接点高温易损 | 端面平行度要求高,热膨胀差异导致线性度差 | 测温上限受限于 材料性质 | 装配精度要求高,干涉条纹对比度差 | 结构设计与信号解调复杂,键合工艺要求高 |
图4 自滤波高分辨率蓝宝石光纤微腔高温传感器[26]。(a)传感器结构示意图;(b)传感器光传输路径
Fig.4 Self-filtering high-resolution sapphire fiber microcavity high-temperature sensor[26]. (a) Schematic diagram of sensor structure; (b) optical transmission path of sensor
图8 直接键合型蓝宝石光纤高温传感器[35]。(a)传感器示意图;(b)传感器照片
Fig.8 Direct-bonded type sapphire fiber high-temperature sensor[35]. (a) Schematic diagram of sensor;(b) photo of sensor
图9 放置于1 600 ℃环境下24 h后的蓝宝石光纤表面照片[35]。(a)有惰性气体保护;(b)无保护
Fig.9 Surface images of sapphire fiber after being placed in a 1 600 ℃ environment for 24 h [35]. (a) With inert gas protection; (b) without protection
图10 混合蓝宝石双F-P微腔结构[36]。(a)传感器示意图;(b)传感器的光传输路径
Fig.10 Hybrid sapphire dual F-P microcavity structure[36]. (a) Schematic diagram of sensor; (b) optical transmission path of sensor
图11 全蓝宝石双参量测量传感器结构[38]。(a)传感器示意图;(b)蓝宝石毛细管侧视显微照片;(c)通孔显微照片
Fig.11 Structure of all-sapphire dual-parameter measurement sensor[38]. (a) Schematic diagram of sensor; (b) side view microscopic image of sapphire capillary; (c) microscopic image of through-hole
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