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人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 706-714.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0257

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

多氧化层结构对抗反射垂直腔面发射激光器光电性能的影响

陈小东1(), 贾志刚1,2(), 翟光美1,2, 崔自奇1, 董海亮1,2, 贾伟1,2, 许并社1,2,3   

  1. 1.太原理工大学新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室,太原 030024
    2.山西浙大新材料与化工研究院,太原 030024
    3.陕西科技大学材料原子·分子科学研究所,西安 710021
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-18 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-09
  • 通信作者: 贾志刚,博士,讲师。E-mail:jiazhigang@tyut.edu.com
  • 作者简介:陈小东(1999—),男,重庆市人,硕士研究生。E-mail:18323119654@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21972103);国家自然科学基金(61904120);山西浙大新材料与化工研究院研发项目(2022SX-TD018);山西浙大新材料与化工研究院研发项目(2022SX-AT001);山西浙大新材料与化工研究院研发项目(2021SX-AT001);山西浙大新材料与化工研究院研发项目(2021SX-AT002);山西浙大新材料与化工研究院研发项目(2021SX-AT003);陕西省自然科学基金(2023-JC-QN-0552)

Effect of Multi-Oxide-Layer Structures on the Optoelectronic Performance of Anti-Reflective Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

CHEN Xiaodong1(), JIA Zhigang1,2(), ZHAI Guangmei1,2, CUI Ziqi1, DONG Hailiang1,2, JIA Wei1,2, XU Bingshe1,2,3   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China
    2.Shanxi -Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering,Taiyuan 030024,China
    3.Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China
  • Received:2025-12-18 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-09

摘要: 在抗反射垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)结构引入多氧化层后,输出功率和边模抑制比(SMSR)同时增大。尤其是引入n型氧化层后,两者显著增大。根据芯层/包层模型,当芯层和包层的有效折射率差增大时,SMSR减小。但本研究中,引入多氧化层后,虽然有效折射率差增大,但SMSR也同时增大,两者变化趋势相矛盾。其原因如下:1)在抗反射VCSEL中,由于抗反射镜和光存储层的引入,相当于大幅度扩展了腔长,这时,高阶横模的衍射损耗才是决定SMSR的主要因素,芯层/包层模型对SMSR不再起决定作用;2)引入的n型氧化层位于有源区和光存储层之间,光束在有源区和光存储层之间振荡时,一部分高阶横模会被n型氧化孔阻挡,阻碍了这部分高阶横模的模式竞争,有利于SMSR的提高。基于以上机制,能够显著改善VCSEL的单横模特性。考虑到小氧化孔不利于输出功率的提高,本研究将多氧化层引入抗反射VCSEL中,并采用了6 μm的大氧化孔。在80 ℃环境温度、5 mA工作电流下,三氧化层抗反射结构相比单氧化层抗反射结构输出功率提高50.91%,SMSR提高40.32%。

关键词: 垂直腔面发射激光器; 多氧化限制结构; 抗反射结构; 高功率; 单模; 大氧化孔

Abstract: Introducing multi-oxide layers into the structure of an anti-reflective vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) simultaneously increased the output power and the side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR). The n-type oxide layer, in particular, led to a substantial enhancement in both parameters. Contrary to the prediction of the standard core/cladding model, the SMSR increased alongside the effective refractive index difference between the core and cladding layers after the multi-oxide-layer introduction. This apparent contradiction is attributed to two mechanisms. First, in anti-reflective VCSELs, the anti-resonant mirror and optical reservoir significantly extend the cavity length, making diffraction loss for high-order transverse modes the primary factor governing the SMSR, rather than the core/cladding model. Second, the n-type oxide layer, located between the active region and the optical reservoir, spatially filters the oscillating beam by blocking a portion of the high-order modes, thereby suppressing their mode competition and improving the SMSR. This approach significantly improves the single-transverse-mode characteristics. To overcome the output power limitation of small oxide apertures, we implemented this multi-oxide-layer design in an anti-reflective VCSEL with a large 6 μm aperture. At an ambient temperature of 80 ℃ and an operating current of 5 mA, the triple oxide layer AR structure achieves an increase of 50.91% in output power and an improvement of 40.32% in SMSR compared to the single oxide layer AR structure.

Key words: vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser; multi-oxide-layer structure; anti-reflection structure; high-power; single-mode; large oxide aperture

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