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人工晶体学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 1907-1915.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0113

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同取向单晶金刚石制备及氢化处理研究

刘晓晨1,2,3(), 姜龙1,2,3, 张新2,3, 葛新岗1,2,3, 李义锋1,2,3, 安晓明1,2,3, 郭辉1,2,3, 孙振路1,2,3, 张利辉4   

  1. 1.河北省激光研究所有限公司,石家庄 050081
    2.河北普莱斯曼金刚石科技有限公司,石家庄 050081
    3.河北省化学气相沉积金刚石重点实验室,石家庄 050081
    4.河北省科学院能源研究所,石家庄 050081
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-26 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-12-11
  • 作者简介:刘晓晨(1987—),男,河北省人,副研究员。E-mail:liuxiaochen@hediamond.cn
  • 基金资助:
    河北省科学院科技计划项目(25710)

Preparation and Hydrogenation Treatment of Single-Crystal Diamond with Different Orientations

LIU Xiaochen1,2,3(), JIANG Long1,2,3, ZHANG Xin2,3, GE Xingang1,2,3, LI Yifeng1,2,3, AN Xiaoming1,2,3, GUO Hui1,2,3, SUN Zhenlu1,2,3, ZHANG Lihui4   

  1. 1. Hebei Institute of Laser,Shijiazhuang 050081,China
    2. Hebei Plasma Diamond Technology Co. ,Ltd. ,Shijiazhuang 050081,China
    3. Hebei Key Laboratory of Chemical Vapor Deposition Diamond,Shijiazhuang 050081,China
    4. Institute of Energy Resources,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050081,China
  • Received:2025-05-26 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-12-11

摘要: 金刚石晶体性能与其晶向密切相关,不同晶向的原子排列和化学键分布差异导致物理、化学及电学性能呈现各向异性。本研究通过微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)技术生长单晶金刚石,经激光切割获得(100)、(110)、(111)晶面金刚石片,晶面取向偏差控制在1.2°以内。从材料加工和氢化处理两方面对比分析发现:氢氧等离子体刻蚀中,(100)晶面呈现方形刻蚀坑,(110)晶面形成四面体山丘状形貌,(111)晶面为三角形刻蚀坑。拉曼及光致发光光谱表明,不同晶面样品质量均匀,应力较小。抛光实验表明,材料去除率随载荷增加而升高,在2.0 N/mm2载荷下,(100)晶面抛光去除率分别为(110)晶面的1.1倍和(111)晶面的17.7倍;表面粗糙度随载荷增加呈现先降低后升高的趋势,当载荷为1.5 N/mm2时,(111)晶面粗糙度低至0.118 nm,显著优于(100)面(0.934 nm)和(110)面(0.708 nm)。研究表明:在特定氢化工艺下,降低样品的表面粗糙度有助于改善样品的氢化性能,(100)晶面具有更高的载流子迁移率(103 cm2·V-1·s-1),(111)晶面表现出更高的载流子浓度(1.25×1013 cm-2)和更低的方阻(4 400 Ω/sq),(111)晶面可能更有利于制备高性能器件。

关键词: 金刚石; MPCVD; 激光切割; 晶面取向; 抛光去除率; 表面粗糙度; 氢化处理

Abstract: As a typical ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor material, diamond possesses a bandgap of 5.47 eV, high breakdown electric field, and excellent thermal transport properties, making it highly promising for high-temperature, high-frequency, and high-power electronic devices. Hydrogen-terminated diamond field-effect transistors (FETs) have emerged as a frontier in microelectronics. However, diamond properties exhibit remarkable anisotropy due to varying atomic arrangements and chemical bond distributions across crystal orientations. Most existing studies focus on the (100) plane, while systematic investigations on the (110) and (111) planes (e.g., processing characteristics and hydrogenation-induced electrical performance) remain insufficient, hindering the development of high-performance diamond devices.This study aims to address the above gap by clarifying differences in processing performance, surface quality, and post-hydrogenation electrical properties among (100), (110) and (111) diamond planes, thereby providing theoretical and experimental foundations for crystal plane selection in diamond device fabrication.In this study, single-crystal diamond was grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) technology, and diamond wafers with (100), (110) and (111) crystal planes were obtained through laser cutting, with the deviation of crystal plane orientation controlled within 1.2°. Hydroxyl plasma etching was used to observe surface morphologies. An improved dynamic friction polishing (DFP) method—innovatively adopting vacuum adsorption to fix samples (enhancing polishing uniformity) was employed to study the effect of load on material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness. The high-resolution X-ray diffractometer was employed to determine the crystal orientation deviation of the diamond, the emission scanning electron microscope was used to observe the etched morphologies of the samples and the optical profiler was adopted to characterize the surface roughness of the samples. After hydrogenation, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and Hall effect measurements characterized crystal quality and electrical properties.Comparative analysis from the aspects of material processing and hydrogenation treatment reveals that: in hydrogen-oxygen plasma etching, the (100) crystal plane exhibits square etching pits, the (110) crystal plane forms tetrahedral hill-like morphologies, and the (111) crystal plane shows triangular etching pits. Raman and photoluminescence spectra indicate that the samples with different crystal planes exhibit uniform quality and low stress. Polishing experiments indicate that the material removal rate increases with the increment of load. Under a load of 2.0 N/mm2, the polishing removal rate of the (100) crystal plane is 1.1 times that of the (110) crystal plane and 17.7 times that of the (111) crystal plane. The surface roughness first decreases and then increases with the increment of load. When the load is 1.5 N/mm2, the roughness of the (111) crystal plane is as low as 0.118 nm, significantly better than that of the (100) plane (0.934 nm) and the (110) plane (0.708 nm). Studies have shown that under specific hydrogenation processes, reducing the surface roughness of the samples helps to improve their hydrogenation performance. The (100) crystal plane has higher carrier mobility(103 cm2·V-1·s-1), while the (111) crystal plane exhibits higher carrier concentration (1.25×1013 cm-2) and lower sheet resistance (4 400 Ω/sq). The (111) crystal plane may be more favorable for fabricating high-performance devices.

Key words: diamond; MPCVD; laser cutting; crystallographic orientation; polishing removal rate; surface roughness; hydrogenation treatment

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