大尺寸非对称薄膜型声学超材料的低频隔声特性研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对低频声波的衰减问题,设计了一种大尺寸月牙盘非对称薄膜型声学超材料结构,利用有限元法计算了其传输损失和位移场。其结构尺寸可达 100 mm,隔声频率降低至 10 Hz,并在 10~500 Hz 的低频范围内展现出良好的隔声性能。与对称型薄膜声学超材料结构的隔声频带和隔声量相比,通过在单胞中引入不对称性,使得结构的低频隔声频带拓宽了 23 Hz。通过模态分析发现,不对称性使薄膜声学超材料产生更多的振动耦合模式,Lorentz 共振与 Fano 共振的同时存在提升了月牙盘型非对称结构的隔声性能。同时,薄膜和质量块的尺寸与偏心量等参数变化可进一步优化隔声效果,为声屏障低频隔声效果的提升在结构优化设计方面提供了一种解决思路。

关键词: 薄膜型声学超材料, 非对称结构, 隔声特性, 有限元法, 声固耦合, 低频

Abstract: Aiming at the insulation of low-frequency acoustic sound, a 100 mm crescent disc asymmetric membrane-type acoustic metamaterial structure was designed in this paper, which was composed of aluminum material as the frame and iron material as the mass attached to the surface of flexible ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film. The finite element method was adopted to calculate its transmission loss and displacement field. The asymmetric structure, the structure parameters and the mass block′s eccentricity together with the vibrational modes analysis were investigated in this study for a better sound insulation performance. The results show that, compared with the symmetric membrane-type acoustic metamaterials, the design of the asymmetry in a single cell makes the low-frequency sound insulation band widened by 23 Hz. Meanwhile, more vibrational modes are generated which illustrates that the coexistence of Lorentz resonance and Fano resonance promotes a better sound insulation performance of the crescent disc asymmetric structure. The large-size asymmetric membrane-type acoustic metamaterial structure designed in this paper can reduce the sound insulation frequency to 10 Hz with a wide low-frequency sound insulation performance within 10~500 Hz. It provides a new method for improving the low-frequency sound insulation effect of sound barriers in terms of structural optimization design.

Key words: membrane-type acoustic metamaterial, asymmetric structure, sound insulation characteristic, finite element method, acoustic-structure coupled, low-frequency

中图分类号:

TB53

闫文惠, 刘禧萱, 方添寅, 孙小伟, 温晓东, 欧阳玉花. 大尺寸非对称薄膜型声学超材料的低频隔声特性研究[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2023, 52(8): 1441-1450.

YAN Wenhui, LIU Xixuan, FANG Tianyin, SUN Xiaowei, WEN Xiaodong, OUYANG Yuhua. Low-Frequency Sound Insulation Characteristics of Large-Size Asymmetric Membrane-Type Acoustic Metamaterials[J]. JOURNAL OF SYNTHETIC CRYSTALS, 2023, 52(8): 1441-1450.

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