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人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (7): 1100-1110.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2026.0071

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

Tm∶CaGdAlO4单晶光纤的生长及激光性能研究

马晓斐1,2(), 朱祥飞1,2, 张明记3, 高晨心1,2, 王涛3, 张健3, 贾志泰3, 王泽锋1,2()   

  1. 1.中国人民解放军国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院,长沙 410073
    2.中国人民解放军国防科技大学南湖之光实验室,长沙 410073
    3.山东大学晶体材料全国重点实验室,济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-21 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-08-04
  • 通信作者: 王泽锋,博士,教授。E-mail:zefengwang_nudt@163.com
  • 作者简介:马晓斐(1997—),女,山东省人,博士。E-mail:xiaofeima_@nudt.edu.cn
    王泽锋,教授、博士生导师,国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院先进激光重点实验室主任,国家科技创新领军人才,国防科技卓青,王大珩光学奖中青年奖获得者。主要从事大功率光纤激光技术及其应用研究,承担国家/国防项目20多项,发表SCI论文100多篇,授权专利100多项,出版著作5部,获湖南省技术发明一等奖1项,军事科学技术发明二等奖1项。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(62505366);湖南省自然科学基金(2026JJ60212);新材料重大专项项目(2025ZD0617200);湖南省级科技计划项目(2021RC4027);国防科技大学创新研究项目(202402-YJRC-XX-008)

Growth and Laser Performance of Tm∶CaGdAlO4 Single-Crystal Fiber

MA Xiaofei1,2(), ZHU Xiangfei1,2, ZHANG Mingji3, GAO Chenxin1,2, WANG Tao3, ZHANG Jian3, JIA Zhitai3, WANG Zefeng1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China
    2.Nanhu Laser Laboratory,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China
  • Received:2026-04-21 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-08-04

摘要: 本文采用微下拉法生长了掺Tm3+浓度为4%(摩尔分数)的CaGdAlO4 (Tm∶CALGO)无序结构单晶光纤,系统研究了其晶体结构、光学性质、连续激光性能及与BiOX(X=Cl,Br,I)层状晶体可饱和吸收体集成的被动调Q脉冲激光特性。该晶体属于四方晶系,空间群为I4/mmm。X射线衍射和拉曼光谱证实所生长晶体为纯相CALGO结构,结晶质量良好。吸收光谱显示,晶体在793 nm处存在主吸收峰,半峰全宽达19.4 nm,源于无序结构导致的非均匀展宽。拉曼光谱测得该晶体的最高声子能量为614 cm-1,低于YAG晶体的,有利于抑制非辐射弛豫。傅里叶变换红外透过光谱表明,晶体在2~6 μm波段透过率超过80%,红外截止边延伸至10 μm以上。在直腔结构下,Tm∶CALGO单晶光纤实现了最高3.338 W的连续激光输出,斜效率为27.3%,中心波长为1 982.8 nm。将BiOX晶体作为可饱和吸收体集成于激光腔中,在输出镜透过率为5%的条件下实现了稳定的被动调Q脉冲激光输出。采用BiOCl、BiOBr和BiOI作为可饱和吸收体时,获得的最高单脉冲能量分别为18.564、20.335和17.599 μJ,最窄脉冲宽度分别为420、570和506 ns,最高峰值功率分别为44.199、35.675和34.781 W。本文展示了Tm∶CALGO无序结构单晶光纤作为2 μm波段激光增益介质的优异性能,并为单晶光纤与新型可饱和吸收体的集成提供了可行性验证。

关键词: Tm∶CALGO单晶光纤; 微下拉法; 无序结构; 2 μm; 连续激光; 被动调Q; 卤氧化铋晶体

Abstract: In this study, a Tm3+-doped CaGdAlO4 (Tm∶CALGO) disordered single-crystal fiber with a doping concentration of 4% (molar fraction) was grown by the micro-pulling-down method. The crystal structure, optical properties, continuous-wave laser performance, and passively Q-switched pulsed laser characteristics integrated with BiOX (X=Cl, Br, I) layered crystal saturable absorbers were systematically investigated. The crystal belongs to the tetragonal system with the space group I4/mmm. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy show that the as-grown crystal exhibits a pure CALGO phase with good crystallinity. The absorption spectrum reveals a main absorption peak at 793 nm with a full width at half maximum of 19.4 nm, which is attributed to the inhomogeneous broadening induced by the disordered structure. The highest phonon energy measured by Raman spectroscopy is 614 cm-1, which is lower than that of YAG crystal and beneficial for suppressing non-radiative relaxation. Fourier-transform infrared transmission spectroscopy shows that the crystal exhibits a transmittance exceeding 80% in the 2~6 μm mid-infrared region, with an infrared cut-off edge extending beyond 10 μm. In a straight cavity configuration, a maximum continuous-wave output power of 3.338 W is achieved from the Tm∶CALGO single-crystal fiber, with a slope efficiency of 27.3% and a central wavelength of 1 982.8 nm. When BiOX crystals were integrated into the laser cavity as saturable absorbers, stable passively Q-switched pulsed laser outputs were obtained under an output coupler transmittance of 5%. With BiOCl, BiOBr, and BiOI as saturable absorbers, the maximum single-pulse energies obtained are 18.564, 20.335, and 17.599 μJ, the shortest pulse widths are 420, 570, and 506 ns, and the highest peak powers are 44.199, 35.675, and 34.781 W, respectively. This work demonstrates the excellent performance of Tm∶CALGO disordered single-crystal fibers as gain media for 2 μm lasers and provides a feasibility validation for the integration of single-crystal fibers with novel saturable absorbers.

Key words: Tm∶CALGO single-crystal fiber; micro-pulling-down method; disordered structure; 2 μm; continuous-wave laser; passive Q-switching; bismuth oxyhalide crystal

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