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人工晶体学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 772-783.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2024.0299

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

坩埚下降法生长氟化物晶体的热场对界面形状和生长速率的影响

李家和1(), 郑丽丽1(), 张辉2, 李翔3, 陈俊锋3   

  1. 1.清华大学航天航空学院,北京 100084
    2.清华大学公共安全研究院,北京 100084
    3.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所新材料中试研发中心,上海 201899
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-25 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-28
  • 通信作者: 郑丽丽,博士,教授。E-mail:zhenglili@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李家和(2000—),男,浙江省人,博士研究生。E-mail:jh-li22@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3503902)

Influence of Thermal Field on the Interface Shape and Growth Rate of Fluoride Crystals Grown by Bridgman Method

LI Jiahe1(), ZHENG Lili1(), ZHANG Hui2, LI Xiang3, CHEN Junfeng3   

  1. 1. School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
    2. Institute of Public Safety Research,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
    3. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200050,China
  • Received:2024-11-25 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-28

摘要: 氟化物晶体中包裹物缺陷显著影响光学质量,而包裹物缺陷在坩埚下降法中主要由晶体界面形状和生长速率决定。本文针对坩埚下降法技术,数值模拟研究热场结构对晶体生长速率和界面形状的影响趋势,以及获得使界面呈现微凸形状、稳定生长阶段延长的生长条件,形成有效调控包裹物缺陷的策略。研究发现,氟化物晶体生长形成凸度较大的界面主要由内辐射传热特性导致的界面附近径向吸热产生,增加绝缘区长度可减小起始阶段的生长速率,有效降低稳定生长阶段的界面凸度。提高上、下加热器温度可缩短初始不稳定生长区域,有效降低稳定生长阶段的界面凸度。对于大尺寸或多棒晶体生长,呈现径向温度梯度较大即晶体生长界面凸度过大,通过提高上加热器底端温度和增加绝缘区上部散热开口的热场设计,可以建立不利于包裹物生成的微凸界面形状。

关键词: 氟化物晶体; 坩埚下降法; 热场; 包裹物调控; 界面凸度

Abstract: The inclusion defect in fluoride crystals significantly affects optical quality, and the formation of such defect is mainly determined by the shape of crystal interface and growth rate when using Bridgman method. This article focuses on the technique of Bridgman method, and intends to study the influence of thermal field on crystal growth rate and interface shape through numerical simulations, in an attempt to understand the underlying physics that enable the formation of a slightly convex interface shape and prolonging stable growth stage as well as to achive an effective inclusion defect control strategy. Numerical results show that the formation of interfaces with high convexity during fluoride crystal growth is mainly due to the radial heat absorption near the interface caused by internal radiation heat transfer characteristics. Increasing the length of the adiabatic block can reduce the growth rate in the initial stage and effectively reduce the interface convexity during the stable growth. Raising the temperature of the upper and lower heaters can shorten the initial unstable growth zone and effectively reduce the interface convexity during the stable growth. For the growth of large-sized or multi-crucible crystals, there exists a large radial temperature gradient, this means that the crystal growth interface is too convex. By increasing the temperature at the bottom of upper heater and adding heat dissipation openings in the adiabatic block, it is possible to establish a slightly convex interface shape which is unfavorable to inclusion defect formation.

Key words: fluoride crystal; Bridgman method; thermal field; control of inclusion; interface convexity

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