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人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 241-252.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0211

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

单晶硅各向异性刻蚀特性分析及形貌仿真研究

张辉1,2(), 钱珺1   

  1. 1.南京工业职业技术大学,江苏省工业感知及智能制造装备工程研究中心,南京 210000
    2.东南大学机械工程学院,南京 210000
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-28 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 作者简介:张辉(1986—),男,山东省人,博士,副教授。E-mail:zhanghui_ccc@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省“青蓝工程”优秀青年骨干教师项目资助(202050225RS003)

Analysis of Anisotropic Etching Characteristics and Morphology Simulation of Crystal Silicon

ZHANG Hui1,2(), QIAN Jun1   

  1. 1.Industrial Perception and Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing 210000,China
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210000,China
  • Received:2025-09-28 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-03-06

摘要: 单晶硅各向异性湿法刻蚀特征表现较为复杂且极易受刻蚀条件及掩膜形状的影响,这导致其刻蚀结构面演化过程和形貌结构难以实现准确预测和控制。本研究基于单晶硅全晶面刻蚀速率和掩膜刻蚀结构的实验数据,详细分析了各向异性刻蚀机理及掩膜刻蚀成型过程,并利用Level-Set插值方法构建了单晶硅刻蚀形貌仿真模型(Si-LST),实现了利用少量晶面刻蚀速率精确插值全晶面刻蚀速率及任意掩膜下刻蚀形貌的精确模拟。结果表明,Si-LST针对凹膜、凸膜及复合掩膜均有较高的仿真精度,可以为单晶硅微结构加工成型和表面质量控制提供高效的工艺设计辅助。

关键词: 单晶硅; 湿法刻蚀; 各向异性; 刻蚀机理; 形貌模拟

Abstract: The anisotropic wet etching characteristics of crystal silicon are complex and easily affected by etching conditions and mask shapes,which makes it difficult to accurately predict and control the evolution process and morphology of etching structural. This study was based on experimental data on the all crystal plane etching rate and mask etching structure of crystal silicon,and analyzed in detail the anisotropic etching mechanism and mask etching forming process. A simulation model of crystal silicon etching morphology (Si-LST) was constructed using the Level-Set interpolation method,which achieved accurate interpolation of the all crystal plane etching rate using a small amount of crystal plane etching rate and accurate simulation of etching morphology under any mask. The results show that the Si-LST has high simulation accuracy for concave,convex and composite masks,which can provide efficient process design assistance for the processing and surface quality control of crystal silicon micro-structures.

Key words: crystal silicon; wet etching; anisotropic; etching mechanism; morphology simulation

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