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Journal of Synthetic Crystals ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 1584-1592.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0068

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First-Principles Study on the Phase Transition Behavior of KNbO3 under High Pressure

LENG Haoning(), SUN Xiaoxiao(), MU Baixu, NING Lina   

  1. School of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang 157012,China
  • Received:2025-04-02 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-23
  • Contact: SUN Xiaoxiao

Abstract: To gain a comprehensive understanding of the phase transition behavior of perovskite oxide KNbO3 under high pressure conditions, and provide crucial parameters for the engineering applications of ferroelectric materials under extreme conditions, a first-principles method based on density functional theory was employed in this study. The structural phase transitions, elastic properties, and electronic properties of KNbO3 under high pressure were systematically investigated at absolute zero (0 K). The results indicate that the most stable structure of KNbO3 is the orthorhombic Amm2 structure at zero pressure. The material exhibits ductility and is characterized as a central-force solid. Within the pressure range from 0 GPa to 50 GPa, KNbO3 undergoes two phase transitions: from the Amm2 structure to the tetragonal P4mm structure under 7.7 GPa, and from the P4mm structure to the trigonal R3mR structure under 10.1 GPa. Both phase transitions are accompanied by volume changes and are classified as first-order phase transitions. Elastic analysis reveals that KNbO3 transitions from ductility to brittleness during the phase transitions and exhibits significant elastic anisotropy. Band structure analysis shows that the band gap of the Amm2 structure under zero pressure is 2.125 eV, indicating an indirect band gap semiconductor. As pressure increases, the band gap initially decreases and then increases. This study not only enriches the understanding of the phase transition behavior of KNbO3, but also provides theoretical support for the design and application of new KNbO3 materials.

Key words: KNbO3; first-principle; density functional theory; structural phase transition; elastic property; electronic property

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