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人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (9): 1323-1343.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2026.0100

• 专栏·综合评述 •    下一篇

基于c位掺杂的钇铁石榴石单晶生长与磁光性能优化研究进展

萧梵1,2(), 杨晓明1,2(), 龙西法1,2, 潘世烈1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所,中国科学院特殊环境功能材料与器件重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-25 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-09-29
  • 通信作者: 杨晓明,博士,副研究员。E-mail:xmyang@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:萧梵(2000—),女,广东省人,博士研究生。E-mail:xiaofan231@mails.ucas.ac.cn
    杨晓明,中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所副研究员、硕士生导师。主要从事磁光晶体及器件研制。主持国防科工局规划项目课题、院战略先导B课题、国家自然科学基金面上、自治区重点等项目;在AFM、Acta Mater等期刊发表论文70余篇;申请发明专利20余项。担任科技部攻关项目评审专家、“稀土科学技术奖”评审专家、福建省硅酸盐学会理事等。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52572018);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB0880000);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2023317)

Research Progress on c-Site Doping for Single Crystal Growth and Magneto-Optical Performance Optimization of Yttrium Iron Garnet

XIAO Fan1,2(), YANG Xiaoming1,2(), LONG Xifa1,2, PAN Shilie1,2   

  1. 1.CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions,Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China
    2.Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2026-05-25 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-09-29

摘要: 钇铁石榴石(Y3Fe5O12, YIG)凭借在近中红外波段优异的光学透明性、高法拉第旋转效应、低光吸收损耗及高居里温度,成为新一代光隔离器、磁光开关及集成光子学中极具潜力的功能材料。随着5G/6G光通信、光纤陀螺及量子计算等领域的快速发展,对高性能、低功耗磁光器件的需求日益迫切,这要求YIG单晶同时具备大磁光效应、低插入损耗及良好的温度稳定性。然而,YIG具有非一致熔融特性,难以通过传统的提拉法生长高质量单晶,助熔剂法成为制备YIG单晶的关键技术途径。本文系统梳理了助熔剂法生长YIG单晶工艺发展历程,重点分析了Bi3+和以Tb3+、Ce3+、Gd3+、Dy3+为代表的稀土离子在十二面体c位的选择性占位机制与电荷补偿原理。从磁光效应的微观机制来看,掺杂离子主要通过增强自旋-轨道耦合作用、引入新的4f-5d跃迁通道或改变Fe3+子晶格上的超交换作用,从而显著提升法拉第旋转效应。在此基础上,本文进一步探讨了离子掺杂对近中红外波段磁光性能的调控规律及温度稳定性优化策略,并指出当前在掺杂均匀性、晶体缺陷控制及宽波段磁光响应等方面面临的技术挑战,展望了未来面向集成光子学的磁光单晶发展趋势。

关键词: 钇铁石榴石; 助熔剂法; 稀土掺杂; 磁光晶体; 法拉第效应; 单晶生长

Abstract: Yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O12, YIG) has emerged as a highly promising functional material for next-generation optical isolators, magneto-optical switches, and integrated photonic devices, owing to its excellent optical transparency, strong Faraday rotation, low optical absorption loss, and high Curie temperature in the near- to mid-infrared spectral region. The rapid advancement of 5G/6G optical communications, fiber-optic gyroscopes, and quantum computing imposes increasingly stringent demands for high-performance, low-power magneto-optical devices, which in turn require YIG single crystals to combine a large magneto-optical response with low insertion loss and robust temperature stability. However, the incongruent melting behavior of YIG precludes the growth of high-quality single crystals by conventional Czochralski pulling, making the flux method the critical technological route for YIG crystal fabrication. This review provides a systematic overview of the evolution of flux-based growth techniques for YIG single crystals, with emphasis on the selective occupation mechanisms at the dodecahedral c-site and the associated charge-compensation principles of Bi3+ and representative rare-earth ions such as Tb3+, Ce3+, Gd3+, and Dy3+. From the perspective of the microscopic origins of the magneto-optical effect, the incorporation of these ions enhances the Faraday rotation predominantly by strengthening spin-orbit coupling, introducing new 4f-5d transition channels, or modifying the super-exchange interactions among the Fe3+ sublattices. Building on these fundamentals, this review further discusses the strategies for tailoring the magneto-optical performance in the near- to mid-infrared region and for optimizing temperature stability through ion doping. Current technical challenges, including doping homogeneity, crystal defect control, and broadband magneto-optical response, are analyzed, and future directions toward integrated-photonics-oriented magneto-optical single crystals are outlined.

Key words: yttrium iron garnet (YIG); flux method; rare-earth doping; magneto-optical crystal; Faraday effect; single crystal growth

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