
人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 1231-1251.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2026.0088
收稿日期:2026-05-08
出版日期:2026-08-20
发布日期:2026-08-26
作者简介:齐红基(1979—),男,河南省人,研究员。E-mail:qhj@siom.ac.cn
QI Hongji1,2,3(
), CHOU Tashun4,5
Received:2026-05-08
Online:2026-08-20
Published:2026-08-26
摘要: 超宽禁带半导体材料β相氧化镓(β-Ga2O3)凭借其超高禁带宽度(4.8~4.9 eV)、高击穿场强(8 MV/cm)和优异的Baliga优值(>3 000),在智能电网、新能源汽车和轨道交通等高压大功率领域展现出巨大应用潜力。近年来,β-Ga2O3的有关研究在多项技术领域取得突破性进展,其产业化进程正处于从实验室研发向规模化生产过渡的关键阶段。本文从产业化视角出发,系统性梳理和总结β-Ga2O3全产业链发展态势,为行业从业者精准把握β-Ga2O3产业化推进节奏提供重要参考。首先简要介绍了β-Ga2O3全产业链中的主流技术路径;随后围绕“单晶-外延-器件”三大核心环节详细阐述了β-Ga2O3当前的产业化发展现状,并全面分析了其在p型掺杂、热管理、可靠性验证和成本控制方面面临的挑战,以及研究人员为解决这些难题所作的努力;最后,深入分析了β-Ga2O3功率器件在新能源汽车、光伏逆变器、数据中心电源及高压直流输电等领域的潜在应用,并对β-Ga2O3未来市场发展前景进行展望,以期为β-Ga2O3相关领域的产业化协同发展提供参考。
中图分类号:
齐红基, 周大顺. 超宽禁带半导体β-Ga2O3的产业化现状与展望[J]. 人工晶体学报, 2026, 55(8): 1231-1251.
QI Hongji, CHOU Tashun. Status and Prospects of Industrialization of Ultra-Wide Bandgap Semiconductorβ-Ga2O3[J]. Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 2026, 55(8): 1231-1251.
| 生长方法 | 晶体尺寸 | 坩埚材料 | 缺陷密度 | 产业化程度 | 成本 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EFG | 6 inch | 铱(可多次使用) | 中等 | 高(主流) | 高 |
| VB | 12 inch | 铂铑合金(单次使用) | 低 | 中等(快速崛起) | 中等 |
| VGF | 2 inch | 铱 | 低 | 低 | 高 |
| Casting | 8 inch | 铱(用量少) | 中等 | 中等 | 中等 |
| Cz | 2 inch | 铱(可多次使用) | 低 | 低 | 高 |
| OCCC | 2 inch | 水冷铜篮 | 中等 | 低 | 低 |
| DG | 95 mm | 无铱坩埚 | 待验证 | 研发阶段 | 低 |
表1 β -Ga2O3单晶不同生长技术的对比
Table 1 Comparison of different growth techniques for β -Ga2O3 single crystals
| 生长方法 | 晶体尺寸 | 坩埚材料 | 缺陷密度 | 产业化程度 | 成本 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EFG | 6 inch | 铱(可多次使用) | 中等 | 高(主流) | 高 |
| VB | 12 inch | 铂铑合金(单次使用) | 低 | 中等(快速崛起) | 中等 |
| VGF | 2 inch | 铱 | 低 | 低 | 高 |
| Casting | 8 inch | 铱(用量少) | 中等 | 中等 | 中等 |
| Cz | 2 inch | 铱(可多次使用) | 低 | 低 | 高 |
| OCCC | 2 inch | 水冷铜篮 | 中等 | 低 | 低 |
| DG | 95 mm | 无铱坩埚 | 待验证 | 研发阶段 | 低 |
| 生长方法 | 生长速度 | 表面形貌 | 技术优劣 | 量产适配性 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HVPE | 快 | 相对粗糙 | 优势:效率高,适合厚膜制备 劣势:表面粗糙,需抛光处理 | 中等 |
| MOCVD | 中等 | 均匀性良好 | 优势:均匀性好、掺杂控制精准 劣势:前驱体成本较高 | 高 |
| MBE | 慢 | 原子级平整 | 优势:界面与外延层质量高 劣势:设备昂贵、产能低 | 低 |
表2 不同 β -Ga2O3薄膜外延技术的对比
Table 2 Comparison of different epitaxial techniques for β -Ga2O3 films
| 生长方法 | 生长速度 | 表面形貌 | 技术优劣 | 量产适配性 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HVPE | 快 | 相对粗糙 | 优势:效率高,适合厚膜制备 劣势:表面粗糙,需抛光处理 | 中等 |
| MOCVD | 中等 | 均匀性良好 | 优势:均匀性好、掺杂控制精准 劣势:前驱体成本较高 | 高 |
| MBE | 慢 | 原子级平整 | 优势:界面与外延层质量高 劣势:设备昂贵、产能低 | 低 |
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