Table of Content

15 October 2009, Volume 38 Issue 5

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Rapid Growth and Properties Characterization of Middle Scale KDP Single Crystal

WANG Bo;LIANG Xiao-liang;XU Xin-guang;WANG Sheng-lai;SUN Xun;GU Qing-tian;LI Yi-ping;FANG Chang-shui;FENG Yu;SHI Chong-de

2009, 38(5):  1051-1054. 

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150 mm grade KDP crystals were grown at the growth rate of 20 mm/d by "point-seed" rapid growth method in a standard glass crystallizer (40 L).During the rapid growth processing of KDP crystals, the growth solution showed good stability and no impurity crystal appeared. The growth of KDP was normal, and KDP crystals were no micro-defects. X-ray powder diffraction pattern and rocking curve show the rapid growth KDP crystals with high structural integrality. Meanwhile, the transmission spectra and damage threshold of KDP crystal were measured. The results showed as-grown crystal has good optical properties.

Preliminary Exploration on the Dielectric Properties of AgGaGeS_4 Crystal

NI You-bao;WU Hai-xin;GENG Lei;WANG Zhen-you;MAO Ming-sheng;CHENG Gan-chao;HUANG Fei

2009, 38(5):  1055-1058. 

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Nonlinear crystal material AgGaGeS_4(AGGS) was obtained by our laboratory via Bridgman method, the as-prepared AGGS crystal were characterized with chemical corrosion and dielectricity were studied by dielectric hysteresis. The corrosion figures show domain structure existing in AGGS crystals with the size 5 μm to 10 μm, which indicate that AGGS is a pyroelectric crystal. However, the dielectric hysteresis loop test resulted in distorted elliptixcal figures, the relationship between dielectric permittivity and the frequency was characterized by a strong dispersion in the dielectric permittivity measurements. In order to definitely determine if the AGGS crystal is classified as a ferroelectric material, then can be made in the form of the periodic poled configuration, further experiment schedules were proposed.

Growth and Magneto-optical Properties of Li_(0.067)Na_(0.933)Tb(MoO_4)_2 Crystal

GUO Fei-yun;ZHUAGN Nai-feng;ZHAO Bin;CHEN Jian-zhong

2009, 38(5):  1059-1062. 

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Li_(0.067)Na_(0.933)Tb(MoO_4)_2 magneto-optical crystal was grown by the Czochralski method. The effective segregation coefficient of Li~+ in NaTb(MoO_4)_2 was measured. The lattice parameters of the crystal were determined by XRD data. Verdet constants of Li 0.067Na0.933Tb(MoO4)2 crystal at the wavelength 532 nm, 633 nm and 1064 nm were investigated by the extinction method at room temperature. They are -293.6 rad·m~(-1)·T~(-1),-200.5 rad·m~(-1)·T~(-1) and -68.6 rad·m~(-1)·T~(-1), respectively, and are larger than that of pure NaTb(MoO_4)_2 at corresponding wavelengths. The results showed that Li_(0.067)Na_(0.933)Tb(MoO_4)_2 has a larger magneto-optical figure of merit at 1064 nm wavelength.

Growth and Properties of Zn, Co Co-doped Near-stoichiometric LiNbO_3 Crystal

XIA Hai-ping;ZHANG Si-chun;WANG Jin-hao;ZHANG Jian-li

2009, 38(5):  1063-1067. 

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Near-stoichiometric LiNbO_3 single crystals doped with 0.5mol; Co~(2+) and co-doped with Co~(2+) in 0.5mol; and Zn~(2+) in 3 mol; and 6 mol; (designated SLN0, SLN3, SLN6, respectively) in the raw compositions were grown by the Bridgman method under the conditions of taking K_2O as flux. The absorption spectra and emission spectra of upper and lower parts of crystals were measured. The absorption spectra showed the characteristic of Co~(2+) in octahedral co-ordination, and four absorption peaks at 520 nm, 549 nm, 612 nm, 1447 nm were observed in all the obtained crystals. However, the absorption intensity had an obvious change with the content of ZnO dopant. A sharp emission peak at 776 nm was observed under excitation of 520 nm light, and the emission intensity was also associated with the doping content of ZnO. The contents of Li2O were estimated from the absorption edge of SLN0, SLN3 and SLN6 to be 49.06 mol;,49.28 mol; and 49.1 mol;. The doping content of ZnO takes great effects on the distributing concentration of Co~(2+) in LiNbO_3 crystal. When 3; of ZnO in mole fraction is doped, the Co~(2+) are suppressed effectively to enter LiNbO_3 crystal sites, and the effect becomes weaker while the dopant of ZnO reaches to 6; mole fraction. The reasons for the concentration changes of Co~(2+) and spectra change can be interpreted by the suppressing effect of ZnO on the incorporation of Co~(2+) ions and the change of distribution coefficient of Zn~(2+) as its incorporating content.

Infrared Frequency Doubles Parameters and Element Process of CdSe Crystal

ZENG Ti-xian;ZHAO Bei-jun;ZHU Shi-fu;HE Zhi-yu;CHEN Bao-jun;LU Da-zhou

2009, 38(5):  1068-1072. 

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The infrared frequency doubles parameters and element processes of CdSe crystals were studied. According to the infrared nonlinear optical theory and refractive index dispersion relation, the tuning curve of angular vs. Fundamental wavelength(5.5-10.0 μm) of the CdSe crystal at 100 ℃ was obtained, and from theory calculation, the azimuth angle of CdSe crystal could be discretionary chosen because it didn't influence the type Ⅱ phase matching effective nonlinearity d_(eff), which equal to d_(15) sinθ. However, calculation results of the effective nonlinearity on the type Ⅰ phase matching condition indicated that effective nonlinearity equal to zero, so CdSe crystal could not realize type Ⅰ frequency doubles. Further, for the CdSe crystal (grown by VUVG method) without any direction characters, based on CdSe crystal structure properties,a fast and new method to determine the optical axis by cleavage and XRD analysis was developed. The crystal was cut directionally, grinded and polished, and a type Ⅱ phase matching element with a size of 9.5 mm×9.5 mm×18 mm for 9.6 μm fundamental frequency was obtained preliminarily.

Effect of Co Doped on the Photoelectrons Decay Process of ZnO Crystal

WEI Zhi-ren;QIANG Yong;PENG Xiang-yu;GAO ping;DONG Guo-yi

2009, 38(5):  1073-1077. 

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ZnO and ZnO∶Co microcrystal were prepared by gas phase reaction.The electron trap energy level structure (donor level) and the photoelectrons temporal process of materials was investigated by thermo-luminescence microwave and absorption dielectric spectrometry respetively. Two peaks was observed in thermo-luminescence spectra of pure ZnO, one is -183 ℃ and the other is -127 ℃, which shows that two kinds of electron trap energy level produced by the intrinsic defects in ZnO. The thermo-luminescence intensity of ZnO∶Co was only 10; of pure ZnO, which shows that the consistency of electron trap is very less. The microwave absorption dielectric spectrometry shows the temporal process of photoelectrons in conduction band in pure ZnO decayed according to exponential, the lifetime of phase photoelectrons is 802 ns. The reason of long lifetime is relaxation effects of electron trap to conduction band photoelectrons. The microwave absorption dielectric spectrometry relative intensity of ZnO∶Co less than one-fifth of the pure crystal ZnO, that shows the density of electron trap is less in ZnO∶Co minicrystal, so photoelectrons are disappeared quickly, and the decay process of photoelectrons is only 10-20 ns. The results show that Co doped ZnO have obvious effect on restrain the formation of electron trap energy level.

Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Novel Ultra-fine Bule Emitting Phosphors Sr_2MgSi_3O_9: Eu~(2+)

ZHAI Yong-qing;FENG Shi-hua;KONG Ling-shuai;YIN Tian-liang;HAO Jie

2009, 38(5):  1078-1082. 

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Novel bule emitting phosphors Sr_2MgSi_3O_9∶Eu~(2+) was synthesized by gel-combustion method in weak reductive environment.The phase structure, microstructure and luminescent properties of the as-synthesized phosphors were investigated by XRD, SEM and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results showed that Sr_2MgSi_3O_9∶Eu~(2+) phosphors possess the similar tetragonal crystal structure as that of Sr_2MgSi_2O_7 . The initial particles of the phosphors are nearly spherical in shape, and the grain size is about 100 nm in diameter. The excitation spectrum of Sr_2MgSi_3O_9∶Eu~(2+) is a broad band in the range of 250-450 nm,the main peak is at 424 nm and the secondary peak is at 400 nm, which can be excited efficiently by UVLED chip whose emission peak locates at 360-400 nm. The emission spectrum is also a broad band, the emission peak is at about 470 nm. It's ascribed to Eu~(2+) typical transition from 4f 5d to 4f.Sr_2MgSi_3O_9∶Eu~(2+) shows good prospect for blue phosphors of white LED.

Study on the c-BN Films Deposited on Diamond Films at Room Temperature

FENG Jian;XU Run;TANG Min-yan;ZHANG Xu;LE Yong-kang;WANG Lin-jun

2009, 38(5):  1083-1087. 

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The c-BN films were prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on the nanocrystalline and microcrystalline diamond films.Diamond films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was adopted to characterize the effect of different deposition temperatures on the growth of BN films. Experimental results show that there isn't threshold temperature occurs on the deposition of c-BN, and the content of cubic phase in the BN films prepared at room temperature could be more than 70;. When the nanocrystalline diamond films are used as substrates, the content of cubic phase in the BN films will decrease as the temperature increasing. Furthermore, the FTIR peak corresponding to c-BN shifts to a lower wavenumber with decreasing the growth temperature, indicating that less stress appears in the c-BN films at a lower growth temperature.The reason caused this phenomenon was dissused in this paper.

Synthesis Technology and Reaction Mechanism of SiC_w/Al_2O_3 Ceramic Composites by In-situ Carbothermal Method

WANG Chao-sheng;ZOU Zheng-guang;SHAO Shan;CUI Chao;LONG Fei

2009, 38(5):  1088-1092. 

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SiC_w/Al_2O_3 ceramic composites were successfully prepared by in-situ carbothermal synthesis using gaolinite nano carbon black as raw material. Effects of synthesis temperature, holding time, material ratio and the flow rate of argon atmosphere on products were studied, and the reaction mechanism was also discussed. The synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that pure and uniformly distribute SiC whiskers and Al_2O_3 particles ceramic composite powder can be obtained at 1500 ℃ for holding 2 h when the molar ratio of kaolinite/carbon was 1/8 and the argon flow was 80 mL/min. The SiC whiskers displayed an ideal aspect ratio of more than 20 with a length over 6 μm and a diameter 300 nm. The carbothermal reaction of kaolinite was included two stages: the carbothermal of SiO_2 and the carbothermal of mullite, the growth mechanism of SiC whiskers is V-S mechanism.

Preparation of Ni/SDC Anode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by Nitrate-citric Acid Method

LI Jian;CHENG Ji-gui;YANG Cui;HE Hai-gen;ZHU Jin-chuan

2009, 38(5):  1093-1097. 

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NiO/Ce_(0.8)Sm_(0.2)O_(1.9)(NiO/SDC) composite powders were prepared by nitrate-citric acid method. The formation condition and phase composition of the powders was invertigated by DTA-TG and XRD. Specific surface area and particle size of the powders were also tested. Ni/SDC anode material were subsequently fabricated from the NiO/SDC powders by a press-sintering process. Their microstructure and related property were also investigated. The results showed that NiO/SDC powder with high specific area can be synthesized by the nitrate-citric acid method at a lower temperature. The as-prepared Ni/SDC anode materials had fine grain and pore size and high electrical conductivity.

Effect of K_4CuNb_8O_(23) Doped on the Properties of K_(0.44)Na_(0.52)Li_(0.04)Nb_(0.86)Ta_(0.10)Sb_(0.04)O_3 Piezoelectric Ceramics

CHEN Yan;JIANG Xiang-ping;TU Na;FENG Zi-yi;CHEN Chao;LI Yue-ming

2009, 38(5):  1098-1102. 

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The K_(0.44)Na_(0.52)Li_(0.04)Nb_(0.86)Ta_(0.10)Sb_(0.04)O_3+x mol;K_4CuNb_8O_(23)(0≤x≤2)(abbreviated as LF4-KCN) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were fabricated by solid state reaction. The phase, microstructure, electric properties of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and Agilent 4294A impedance analyzer. XRD result shows that the phase of the sample transforms from tetragonal into orthorhombic with the increasing of KCN content. When x≥1, the trace amount of second phase K_6Li_4Nb_(10)O_(30) can be detected. SEM shows that the grain size of those materials decreases as the KCN content increasing, and the figure of the grain becomes clearly. There is another dielectric constant maximum value around 100 ℃, which is the phase transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal (T_(O-T)), while the curie temperature (TC) shifts to higher temperature. The KCN-doping has great influence on the electrical properties, the ceramic becomes "hardened", the piezoelectric constant (d_(33)), electromechanical planar coupling coefficients(kp), the dielectric constant(ε_r) and dielectric loss(tanδ) at 1 kHz decrease as the KCN content increasing. The mechanical quality factor (Q_m) and the density increases significantly.

Stress Measurement of Single Crystal by X-ray diffraction

WANG Shu-ming;WANG Chao-qun;FAN Zhi-gang;LIU Shu-feng;JI Hong

2009, 38(5):  1103-1107. 

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The principle and method of single crystal stress measurement via X-ray were presented. Si single crystal's stress was measured, the difference between double axis rocking model and triple axis ω-2θ scan model was compared, the effect of the number of measured arrays and θ_0 on the stress measurement was discussed. The results showed that it was more credible measured by triple axis ω-2θ scan model than by double axis rocking model, the multiple regression analysis method could be used to calculate the stress of single crystal without stress-free θ_0, the number of measured arrays should be more than 6.

Study on Size Modulation Effects of Ethanol/Water System and Molten Salts Media in Preparing ZnO Nanoparticles

FENG Xin;SHI Li-yi;SHI Wen;ZHANG Jian-ping;FANG Jian-hui;MA Shu-rui

2009, 38(5):  1108-1113. 

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ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by liquid phase method. The size control effects of Ethanol/Water solvents used in precipitation and the molten alkali salts in calcination were investigated. The products were charaterized by XRD, TEM, BET and PL. The results indicated that particle size decreased in the assisted calcination with NaNO_3 and LiNO_3 salts. With the same addition amount, the particle size obtained with LiNO_3 was smaller than the former. And the size decreased obviously when the ratio of ethanol to water changed from 1∶1 to 3∶1. Finally, the mechanisms of ethanol/water mixed system and molten salts media were also disscussed.

Investigation on the Radar Wave Absorbing Properties of Aligned Array Carbon Nanotubes

SUN Xiao-gang;CHENG Li;DU Guo-ping

2009, 38(5):  1114-1118. 

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The radar wave absorbing properties of aligned carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) were investigated. Aligned carbon nanotubes were grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Then the films of ACNTs were put on the surface of an aluminium plate and were fixed by epoxy resin to prepare the samples. Aligned carbon nanotubes were characterized through TEM and SEM. The photos of SEM and TEM show the carbon nanotues in the films were well arranged with same orientation and have a diameter of 30-50 nm . The radar wave absorbing properties were obtained through radar absorbing materials (RAM) measuring system of arch method reflectivity. The results indicated aligned carbon nanotubes have excellent radar waves absorbing properties in the higher band of 2-18 GHz. The radar waves absorbing properties changed with the film thickness. The best parameters of RAM are obtained at 0.2 mm film thickness of ACNTs. The highest absorbing peak reaches -15.87 dB at 17.83 GHz and has a bandwidth of 4.25 GHz(R<-10 dB)and 6.40 GHz (R<-5 dB)respectively.

Investigation on Microstructure and Resistivity-temperature Properties of (1-x)Ba_(0.998)La_(0.002)TiO_3 +xBi_4Ti_3O_(12) System Ceramics with High Curie Temperature

PU Yong-ping;WANG Jin-fei;ZHAO Xin;YANG Gong-an;CHEN Xiao-long;WU Sheng-hong

2009, 38(5):  1119-1122. 

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(1-x)Ba_(0.998)La_(0.002)TiO_3 + xBi_4Ti_3O_(12) (0≤x≤0.01) system ceramics were prepared by solid-state reaction technology. The samples were sintered in reducing atmosphere (nitrogen) and then reoxidized. The microstructure of samples were characterized by SEM, electrical properties were analyzed by the resistivity-temperature testing apparatus and capacitance testing selector. The results showed that the grain size of BaTiO_3 ceramics significantly decreased after doping Bi_4Ti_3O_(12); Curie temperature of ceramics increased (T_c= 150 ℃). As the addition of the amount of BIT increasing, the electron and vacancies compensated each other, extra electrons were compensated with lattice metal ions vacancy, thus resistivity gradually increased.

Study on the Crystal Structure of Rare Earth Cobalt Oxides Using Raman Scattering

WANG Wei-ran;MEN Hong;SONG Geng-xin;ZHAO Yan;HAN Xue-ying

2009, 38(5):  1123-1127. 

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The magnetic and transport properties of the rare-earth cobalt oxides RCoO_3 are strongly dependent on the rare earth ion and their detailed structure.The function of rare earth ion in the two structures were studied through Raman diffraction spectra. The results show RCoO_3 compounds present the Pm～3m cubic structure for R=La, Ce, Pr, Nd ,while compounds with smaller ionic radii (R=Sm, Eu, Gd and Dy) can be obtained in the orthorhombic structure [space group Pnma (D_(2h)~(16)), Z=4]. According to the structural and Raman behavior, RCoO_3 compounds can be classified into three groups: one includes La, Ce, Pr, Nd, the other one includes Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, and the third includes Tm, Yb , Lu , Er.

Preparation and Application of Iron-doped Zeolite P

LIU Zhen-lu;CAO Ji-lin;LIU Xiu-wu;GAO Chang-hong

2009, 38(5):  1128-1133. 

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Using acetic acid as the complexing agent of ferric iron, the three zeolites P with different iron levels were synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis method according to the follow producer:the mixture with mole ratio of 5Na_2O∶Al_2O_3∶8SiO_2∶xFe~(3+)∶(116-156)H_2O, stirring for 3 h at room temperature, and then crystallizing for 20 h at 100 ℃ in the stainless steel reaction pot. The crystal structure of the samples was characterized by XRD,FT-IR and SEM.The results suggest that the iron-doped zeolites P had the same structure as that of the pure zeolite P, their crystalline sizes were homogeneous and had the trend of increasing. Also the adsorption properties to fluorinion and lead ions in water had been studied, the iron-doped zeolites P can raise the adsorbing capacity of F- to 4.98 mg/g, but did not improve the adsorption ability to Pb and K ions.

Synthesis and Characterization of Hollow α-PbF_2 Nanospheres by Microemulsion Solvothermal Method

SONG Li-min;ZHANG Shu-juan;CHEN Bin

2009, 38(5):  1134-1137. 

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Hollow α-PbF_2 nanospheres were synthesized through a direct reaction of Pb(NO_3)_2 and HF under solvoththermal microemulsion system consisting of water, hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB), cyclohexane and 1-pentanol. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was utilized to characterize the morphology of α-PbF_2 as-prepared. Several key variables were investigated to reveal the formation and mechanism as well as the shape and size changing of α-PbF_2 under different conditions. The results showed that the system of protection of surfactant CTAB and generation of nitric acid corrosion is the formation of hollow α-PbF_2 the main reason; Addition, α-PbF_2 hollow nanospheres size and wall thickness by changing the water and the molar ratio of surfactant to control.

XRD Research of YAG Crystallites Powders Prepared by Solid-phase Reaction Method

WU Jian-peng;WANG Xin-zhen;HUANG Jian-feng;CAO Li-yun;HE Hai-yan;HU Bao-yun;YANG Qiang;LI Kang

2009, 38(5):  1138-1141. 

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Y_3Al_5O_(12)(YAG) crystallite powders were prepared by solid-phase reaction method through high energy ball milling with high purity Al_2O_3 and Y_2O_3 powders as raw materials. The influences of grinding time, calcinations temperature and high temperature keeping time on the phase compositions of the as-prepared YAG powders were particularly investigated by XRD analysis. Results show that with the increase of ball milling time, the average size of the powders decreases. The phases of the products transform from Y_4Al_2O_9 and YAlO_5 to Y_3Al_5O_(12) with the increase of firing temperature. Prolonging the high temperature keeping time is beneficial for the diffusion of Y~(3+) and Al~(3+) as well as the solid-state reaction between Al_2O_3 and Y_2O_3. Pure YAG crystallites can be obtained when molar ratio of Al_2O_3 to Y_2O_3 arrives to 5∶3, milling time reaches 15 h for 40 min high temperature calcinations at 1300 ℃.

Study on Characteristic of Photoelectron Decay in Doping AgCl

DAI Xiu-hong;ZHANG Rong-xiang;LI Xiao-wei;DONG Guo-yi;YANG Shao-peng;HAN Li

2009, 38(5):  1142-1145. 

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The decay spectra of the free and shallow-trapped photoelectrons at the first exposure time in cubic AgCl microcrystals doped with [Fe(CN)_6]~(4-) were obtained by microwave absorption and dielectric spetrum mesurement technique. It is found that the free photoelectrons decay time increased from 116ns to 1133 ns as the doping concentration increasing. By analyzing the photoelectrons decay curve, it is also found that the doping concentration increasing, the first slower decay section becomes faster and the second faster decay section slower, as a whole the decay time increased. The variation of the doping concentration has greater impact on the photoelectrons later decay part. The result shows that the doping introduces shallow electron traps which can delay the decay process of the photoelectrons, and with the doping concentration increasing, the characteristic of shallow electron traps becomes remarkable.

Effects of Heating Treatments of CeO_2 Buffer Layers on Superconducting Properties of Tl-2212 Films

XIE Qing-lian;YOU Feng;HUANG Guo-hua;LI Jian-Ying;ZUO Tao;HE Ming;JI Lu;ZHANG Yu-ting;ZHAO Xin-jie;FANG Lan;YAN Shao-lin

2009, 38(5):  1146-1153. 

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The effect of high temperature treatment on the surface morphology,the phase structure of CeO_2 buffer layers grown on sapphire substrates was studied, and also the growth of CeO_2 on Tl-2212 films. The measurements of AFM and XRD showed that annealing of the CeO_2 films produced drastic change in surface morphology and crystalline quality. Annealing treatment at 950 ℃ for 1 h resulted in atomically flat CeO_2 surface and significant improvement of the crystalline quality of CeO_2 films. Experimental results revealed that the superconductivity of Tl-2212 films is closely interconnected with the crystal quality and morphology of buffer layers. The crack-free films with the thickness of 500 nm grown on such buffer layers had a high transition temperature (T_c =107 K), a high critical current density (J_c=3.9 MA/cm~2 at 77 K and zero applied magnetic field) and a low surface resistance (R_s=281 μΩ at 10 GHz and 77 K).

Growth and Characterization of Cd(SCN)Cl Single Crystal

ZHANG Jian-jun

2009, 38(5):  1154-1159. 

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Single-crystals of a new complex [Cd(SCN)Cl](TCCC), with dimension of 10 mm×7 mm×4 mm, were grown via slow temperature-lowering method from aqueous solutions using NH_4SCN and CdCl_2·2H_2O as reaction sources; The as-grown [Cd(SCN)Cl] crystals (TCCC) were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, EDS, TG/DTA, X-ray powder diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the molecular formula of the as-grown crystal is Cd(SCN)Cl and it crystallizes in Pnma space group of orthorhombic system, with cell parameters a=0.95967(7) nm, b=0.42595(3) nm, c=1.01789(7) nm, V=0.41608(5) nm~3 and Z=4. Thermal analysis revealed that the crystal exhibits good physicochemical stability up to 190 ℃, and the final residue of thermal decomposition is CdS. Solubility of the complex [Cd(SCN)Cl] (TCCC) has been determined for various temperatures adopting the gravimetric method. The mechanical properties of the crystals have been studied using Vickers microhardness tester and the hardness was 78.6 kg/mm~2.

Study on the Band Gaps of 2D Nesting Complex Structure Phononic Crystal

HU Jia-guang;ZHANG Jin;JING Shou-yong

2009, 38(5):  1160-1164. 

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A two dimensional phononic crystal with nesting complex square lattice structure was fabricated, using small columns array to replace each single column basis. The band gap structures of the phononic crystal were caculated with the plane wave expansion method. The band gap maps were introduced to illustrate the influences of the columns' array-form and total filling-fraction on the area and number of band gaps, the band gap structures of complex lattices and simple lattices were compared, which validate the feasibility that the width and number of band gaps can be increased by adjusting the small columns array in nesting complex square lattices phononic crystal.

Investigation on the Pure Mode Direction of Trigonal System by Slowness Surface

LIU Li-mei;ZHOU Guo-xiang;GAO Wen-fang;CHU Yong

2009, 38(5):  1165-1169. 

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A method of obtaining the pure mode direction of the trigonal system by the slowness surfaces is introduced. By the slowness curves of propagation normal to the Z-axis and propagation in the YZ and XZ planes, we can easily find the direction that both the energy velocity and the phase velocity direct to. This crystal direction is the pure mode direction.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Singal-crystal Fe_3O_4 Nanorods and Quantum Dots

LI Zhi-hua;MU Zhao-jing;LIU Qian

2009, 38(5):  1170-1174. 

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Single-crystal Fe_3O_4 nanorods and quantum dots were synthesized by LSS method using FeSO_4·7H_2O as iron source. Because of the different morphology under the different reaction conditions, the reaction mechanism were extrapolated according to the morphology of products prepared at different reaction conditions. The as-prepared Fe_3O_4 samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope(TEM). The hysteresis curve of the synthesized Fe_3O_4 nanorods and quantum dots were measured at room temperature. The results showed that the magnetic susceptibilities (Ms) of the nanorods and quantum dots were 44.26 emu/g and 60.09 emu/g, and the coercive forces (H_c) were 132.3 Oe and 143.2 Oe.

Fuzzy PID Control System for the Pulling Technique of Laser Crystal

YANG Jun-liang;SHANG Fu-peng;GAO Peng

2009, 38(5):  1175-1178. 

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Fuzzy PID control system based on ARM Cortex-M3 core has been designed for the process of pulling technique of laser crystal.The temperature distribution for the crystal growth can be determined by adapting Fuzzy PID control algorithm on the weighing singnal.According to the growth model,the simulation has been finished theoretically, the systerm has been used in TDL-J50 practically,and the accurate and stable control of crystal growing instantaneous rate for Fuzzy PID control during the crystal growing process was realized.

Preparation and Characterization of Novel Mullite Ceramic UF Membrane

ZHOU Jian-er;ZHANG Xiao-zhen;HU Xue-bing;SUN Lu;LIU Lei

2009, 38(5):  1179-1183. 

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Mullite ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was prepared on α-Al_2O_3 support by sol-gel method and slip casting technology, using Al(NO_3)_3·9H_2O and TEOS as main raw materials, PVA and glycerol as organic additives. The microstructure and properties of the prepared membrane were characterized by XRD, SEM, N2 isothermal absorption technique, permeate flux and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) measurements. Results show that homogenous, smooth and crack free mullite UF membrane can be obtained after coated for three times using a single phase sol with a concentration of 0.28 mol/L, pH=2.0, 1.5 wt; PVA, 6 wt; glycerol, and sintered at 1200 ℃ for 2 h. The prepared membrane shows narrow pore size distribution and a mean pore size of 8.4nm. The pure water permeate flux and MWCO of the mullite membrane is about 46.8 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1)·(10~5 Pa)~(-1) and 9 kDa, respectively.

One-step Synthesis and Application of Fe-Silicalite-1 Catalyst

WEI Bo;SUN Jian-min;CAO Hui-qun;LV Yu-juan

2009, 38(5):  1184-1188. 

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Fe-Silicalite-1 zeolites with MFI framework structure were synthesized using 1,6-hexamethylene-diamine as a structure direction agent via one-step hydrothermal synthesis technique. The structure and properties of as-synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, IR, TG-DTA etc. EDS and ICP-AES indicated that the transition metal iron ions were framework elements and the mass fraction was 0.66;. The catalytic activity in hydroxylation of phenol with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant was also investigated. The results showed that the phenol conversion is about 22.2;, and the selectivities of catechol and hydroquinone are 65.8; and 34.2; respectively. Fe-Silicalite-1 is a promising catalyst.

Effects of Heat Treatment Process on Structure and Photoelectric Properties of ZnO: Al Films Deposited at Room Temperature

REN Ming-fang;WANG Hua;XU Ji-wen;YANG Ling

2009, 38(5):  1189-1192. 

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ZnO∶Al thin films based on Al doped ZnO ceramic target were prepared by non-reactive DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The effects of heat treatment process on microstructure, electrical and optical properties of ZnO∶Al films were investigated. The experimental results show that annealing process in vacuum could improve the conductive properties by eliminating lattice deformation and stress, increasing the carrier concentration and the mobility, decreasing electrical resistivities to a value of 8.6×10~(-4) Ω·cm when the sputtering power is 80 W and the annealing temperature is 320 ℃. The annealing process had little effect on the optical transmittance of ZnO∶Al films, which is above 86;.

Study on Preparation of Porous Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(1-x)Fe_xO_(3-δ) Cathode Materials for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Gel-casting Method

DONG Jie;CHENG Ji-gui;XIA Yong-hong;HE Hai-gen;WANG Yi-fang

2009, 38(5):  1193-1198. 

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Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(1-x)Fe_xO_(3-δ)(SSCF,x=0～1.0)powders were prepared by a gel-casting method using corresponding carbonates and oxides as raw materials. Phase composition and morphology of the obtained powders was investigated. Density and porosity of the sintered SSCF samples were measured by the Archimedes method. The microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the electrical conductivity was tested by the four-probe method. Thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) and electrochemical performance of the SSCF materials were also studied. The results showed that superfine and well-dispersed SSCF powders with perovskite structure are obtained when the dried gels are calcined at temperature above 1000 ℃.The iron dosage and temperature have an obvious influence on the phase formation, the density and the pore characteristics of the SSCF samples. The doping of Fe effectively lowers the TEC of the Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_(3-δ) materials. Electrical conductivity of the SSCF samples decreases with iron doping but all is above 100 S·cm~(-1) at 500～800 ℃. Furthermore, the Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(1-x)Fe_xO_(3-δ) samples show high oxygen catalytic activities.

Polarization Beam Splitter Based on One-dimensional Photonic Crystal

FANG Yun-tuan;XIN Li-min

2009, 38(5):  1199-1201. 

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One-dimensional photonic crystal with a defect consisting of anisotropic media and isotropic media is designed. The transmittance of s light and p light is calculated through the eigen matrix method. Due to the splitter of the defect modes for s light and p light, this structure can be used as a polarization beam splitter. This kind of polarization beam splitter has high extinction rate and transmittance, and will be used as a good optical device in the future.

Influence of Intrinsic Defects on Ag-doped ZnO

WAN Qi-xin;XIONG Zhi-hua;LI Dong-mei;LIU Guo-dong;GAN Li-xin

2009, 38(5):  1202-1206. 

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The first-principles with pseudopotentials method based on the density functional theory was applied to calculate the geometric structure, the formation energy of impurities and the electronic structure of Ag-related defects in Ag-doped ZnO. The results indicated that Ag substituting on Zn site behaved as an acceptor. In Ag-doped ZnO, Zni-AgZn and Oi-AgZn complexes are the most possible complex defect, and Oi can improve the stability and solubility of AgZn defects.

Theoretical Studies on Absorption Spectra and EPR Parameters of ZPPH: VO~(2+) Crystal

WANG Li-juan;CAI Da-feng;WU Ying

2009, 38(5):  1207-1210. 

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On the basis of the crystal-field theory, the 10×10 orders energy matrix for 3d~1 electronic configerations were established. The optical absorption spectra and paramagnetic g-factor of ZPPH (ZnKPO_4·6H_2O)∶VO_2 have been obtained by the complete diagonalizing (the energy) matrix method (CDM). At the same time, the optical absorption spectra and electron paramagnetic resonance parameters for VO~(2+) doped in ZPPH crystal in tetragonal (C_(4v)) symmetry are theoretically investigated by the perturbation-theory method (PTM). The calculated values (optical absorption spectra, g-factors g_(//),g_⊥ and hyperfine structure constants A_(//),A_⊥) showed good agreement with the experimental data. Comparing the PTM with the CDM, the PTM is a good approximation for the CDM. The reasonableness of these results were discussed.

Preparation of ZnO Nano-phosphor Powders by Homogeneous Co-precipitation Method

HU Wen-yuan;LIU Xun;YANG Ding-ming;WEI Xian-hua

2009, 38(5):  1211-1215. 

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The nano-phosphor powders of Eu, Li co-doped ZnO were prepared by homogeneous co-precipitation and thermal decomposition method using Zn(NO_3)_2·2H_2O,CO(NH_2)_2,Eu(NO_3)_3·6H_2O and LiNO_3·2H_2O as raw materials. The characteristics of samples were investigated by means of TG-DSC, XRD, SEM, FL. The results showed that the samples exhibited normal size distribution, whose size was about 20～40 nm. The photoluminescence intensity of samples was interrelated with thermal decomposition temperature, ratio of Li and Eu. The maximum emission spectra peak of samples was at λ_(em)=611 nm with 463 nm excitation, corresponding to ~5D_0→~7F_2 transition of Eu.

Calculation of Optoelectronic Properties of Si Nanocrystals Embedded in SiO_2

CHAI Yue-sheng;LUO Chun-yun;ZHANG Min-gang;WU Jing

2009, 38(5):  1216-1220. 

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The electronic structure and optical properties of Si_3 and Si_5 nanocrystals with different sizes embedded in SiO_2 have been investigated by first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave method. The results show the bandgap of Si_3 embeded structure is wider than Si_5 embeded structure, with the sizes of silicon nanocrystals embedded in SiO_2 decreasing, while the absorption efficiency of Si_5 embeded structure for visible light is better than Si_3 embeded structure. The first absorption peak of Si_3 embeded structure is at about 3.9 eV and Si_5 embeded structure is at about 4.6 eV. Calculation shows 45.46;, the proportion of the Si atoms of silicon nanocrystals to the molecular number of substrate, is a better structure parameters, which is good for the absorption efficiency of visible light at this ratio.

Preparation and Characterization of Fluorophlogopite Titania Pearlescent Pigment

LI Da-guang;YU Chao;LI Tiehu;FU Wei-qin;JI Wen-jin;CAI Wei-xian

2009, 38(5):  1221-1226. 

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The fluorophlogopite titania pearlescent pigment precursor was prepared by boiling hydrolysis of TiCl_4 solutions in dilute sulfuric acid at boiling state, and the calcining technology was identified by TG-DTA thermal analysis. The orthogonal experiment was used to get the optimal conditions of producing the precursor. The reaction temperature, initial pH, reaction time, mixing speed, the concentration of TiCl_4,crystal accelerator (SnCl_4) on precursor's coating rate were regarded as the influence factors in this orthogonal experiment. The optimal technology conditions to prepare the pigment precursor were gained. At the same time, the primary and secondary order of every factor which influences the coating rate of the precursor was confirmed. The powders were characterized by SEM, XRD, FT-IR and EDS. The results showed that under the optimal technology conditions, the surface of the pigment is dense and smooth without rift, the crystal of the coating layer is rutile and the coating rate of the pigment is 27.3;.

Influence of Substrate Temperature on Properties of ZnO/Cu/ZnO Transparent Conductive Films

LI Ai-li;YAN Jin-liang;SHI Liang;LIU Jian-jun

2009, 38(5):  1227-1230. 

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ZnO/Cu/ZnO multilayer films were prepared by RF sputtering of ZnO and DC sputtering of Cu target at different substrate temperature. The properties of ZnO/Cu/ZnO films characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), double-beam UV-spectrophotometer and four-point probe method. The results showed that the ZnO layers have a preferred c-axis orientation, as the substrate temperature increasing, the crystallinity of ZnO layers increases, the crystallinity of Cu layers increases initially and then decreases, the root mean square roughness increases, the transmittance increases. The max transmittance is near 90; when the substrate temperature reaches to 300 ℃. The sheet resistance increases with increase of substrate temperature, the minimum resistance is 12.4 Ω/□.

Synthesis of Magnetic Cobalt Ferrite Nanomaterials by Composite-hydroxide-mediate Method

ZHANG Mei-mei;LIU Hong;LIU Jian-an

2009, 38(5):  1231-1234. 

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Cobalt ferrite magnetic nano-powder was prepared by composite-hydroxide-mediate method, the preparing process was studied. The structure and magnetic properties of the samples are measured and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results showed that cobalt ferrite with uniform particle sizes in the range of 10～50 nm can be obtained using nitrates or acetates as raw materials. The synthesized nano-particles are small in sizes with uniform diameter, and have a good disperability. Their magnetic properties are middle saturation magnetization and high coercive force. The cobalt ferrite synthesized shows a better quality.

Patent Analysis on Progress of Diamond Film Cutting Tools Technology

XIANG Bing-kun;ZUO Dun-wen;LI Xiang-feng

2009, 38(5):  1235-1240. 

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Worldwide patent documents about diamond thin films from 1975 to 2008 were collected in this paper. Associated patent databases were established. The development thread and competition pattern of this technology were investigated on both of technology and competitiveness upon quantitative, qualitative and cited analysis. Results show that: (1)Diamond films cutting tools technology in worldwide has been at a more mature stage;(2)The United States and Japan not only pay attention to basic research and applied basic research of this technology but also emphasize original technology development and the protection of intellectual property; China attaches great importance to papers published and neglect patents applications;(3)The vast majority of this technology patents of United States and Japan were developed by enterprises, while China by universities.The patent strategy of this technology about further research and development in China were discussed.

Preparation of Ceramics Concentrated Suspension of 95 Alumina and the Polymerization on the Surface of Gelcast Green Body Retarded by Oxygen

NING Wu-cheng;LIU Wei-liang

2009, 38(5):  1241-1245. 

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The rheological behavior of the slurry of 95 alumina ceramics for gelcasting was discussed in this paper. The effects of pH value, dispersants and ball milling time on the viscosity of slurry were analyzed. Al_2O_3 slurry with 58vol; solid volume loading and 110 mPa·s viscosity was prepared by the orthogonal test of L_9(3~4). Aiming at the inhibition of surface oxygen on polymerization especially, the surface-exfoliation was overcome by coating on the surface of mold, which neither increases the organic binder content of the green body nor decreases the strength of the green body. The results indicate that the green properties of 95; alumina ceramics prepared by gelcasting was better than one by hot injection moulding.

Study on Mechanism of Forming Chrysotile Nanotubes under Hydrothermal Conditions

MA Guo-hua;PENG Tong-jiang;LI Ming

2009, 38(5):  1246-1250. 

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A series of chrysotile nanotubes have been synthesized by hydrothermal method using MgO and SiO_2 as raw materials. The samples for different reactive time were characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM), infrared spectroscopy(IR). The XRD analysis indicated that the level of layers-curving increase gradually along with longer reactive time.The decreasing trend on the degree of chrysotile crystallinity is revealed by XRD and IR studies, with increasing reactive time. The out diameter、inner diameter and lengths of chrysotile nanotubes are 15-40 nm、6-9 nm and 50-300 nm by the SEM and TEM analysising, respectively.The growth mechanism of layers-curving of the chrysotile nanotubes under hydrothermal conditions is proposed on the basis the results of experiment.

Crystallization Kinetics of Zinc Silicate in Crystalline Glaze by Location of Crystal Seed

ZHANG Kuo;SUN Guo-liang;XU Bing

2009, 38(5):  1251-1254. 

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The effects of different crystal seeds of ZnO and zinc silicate on the crystal patterns in crystalline glaze were studied by the locating of crystal seed. Based on the kinetics of high temperature crystallization, the mechanisms of zinc silicate crystal growth and crystallization were discussed. The results showed that the glaze appearance of ZnO seed in zinc silicate crystalline glaze is basically the same as that of zinc silicate seed; The radius of grown zinc silicate crystal is directly proportional to soaking time; The types of crystal seeds have little influence on the growth of zinc silicate crystal in the glaze; Crystallization constant increases with the enhancement of crystallization temperatures, the corresponding crystallization constant is 1.0911, 0.9996 and 0.7177 respectively while the crystallization temperatures are in sequence of 1150 ℃,1100 ℃ and 1050 ℃; even at the same crystallization temperature, crystallization constant also varies in different soaking time phases.

Study on Structure and Electronic Properties on Ba Doped Si Clathrates

FEI Ying;ZHENG Yan

2009, 38(5):  1255-1260. 

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The population and density of states of electrons of Ba_8Si_(46) and Ba_8Ag_6Si_(40) were analyzed in the paper. The Ba_8Si_(46) results show Ba 6s electrons are transferred into the Ba 5d and Si 3p orbits. The sp3 hybridizations of framework Si make the compound posses stabile structure. For Ba_8Ag_6Si_(40), Ag 5s electrons are transferred into the Si 3p orbits.The Ag doping destroys sp3 hybridizations of framework Si. The bond between Ag and Si atoms tends to electrovalent bond. The band structures of Ba_8Si_(46) and Ba_8Ag_6Si_(40) indicate that they are weak metal. Because the band width intersecting with Eermi level for Ba_8Ag_6Si_(40) is larger than Ba_8Si_(46), Ba_8Ag_6Si_(40) compound has higher conductance than Ba_8Si_(46).

Preparation of Nano-hydroxyapatite Crystal Composite Antimicrobial Agent

YANG Hui-fang;REN Shu-xia;LI Yang-chun;CHEN Li-jing

2009, 38(5):  1261-1265. 

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The inorganic/organic composite antimicrobial agents were prepared using nano-hydroxyapatite as a carrier carrying polyvinyl alcohol and copper and zinc ions. The combination between the antibacterial constituents and carrier in as-prepared composite antimicrobial agents were analyzed by XRD and IR and SEM, the morphologies of agents were observed. The antibacterial activity and safety of the agents were studied, too. The results show that the as-prepared antimicrobial agents with 2.8;polyvinyl alcohol, 10; copper ions and 15;zinc ions respectively have good antimicrobial activities and safety.

Application of Electron Microanalysis in Characterization of the Chemical Composition of Nanocrystallites

HE Jie-yu;LIU Yi-ming;OUYANG Jian-ming

2009, 38(5):  1266-1271. 

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The chemical compositions and their content of nanomaterials have important influence on their physical properties with respect to the optics, electrics, acoustics, calorifics, magnetism and so on. Electron microanalysis was one of important methods to characterize chemical composition of nanocrystallites. This paper reviewed the latest application and progress of modern electron microanalysis techniques such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) in the characterization of chemical composition, morphology, size and phase structure of nanocrystallites. The differences among these analytic methods were comparatively discussed. Their disadvantages in the application and developing direction in the future were also indicated.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Supramolecular Network [Mn(phen)_2I_2]

MA Tian-hui;JIA Lin-yan;REN Yu-lan;YIN Yong-yi;DONG Wei-guang;LV Xiao-jiang

2009, 38(5):  1272-1275. 

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A novel supramolecular network [Mn(phen)_2I_2] has been rationally designed and synthesized by hydrothermal method and the structure was characterized with elemental analysis, FT-IR spectrum and X-ray diffractometer. It crystallizes in the Triclinic, space group P_1~-, with a= 0.92705(19) nm,b= 1.0370 (2) nm, c=1.2775(3) nm,α=77.32(3) °, β=81.26(3)°,γ=70.30(3) °,V=1.1240(4) nm~3,Z=2. In the title compound [Mn(phen)_2I_2], the separated unit cells are constructed into a novel supramolecular network by four types of C-H…I hydrogen-bonded and two kinds of π-π interactions.

Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of CuⅡ Glycol-bis-(α-aminoethyl) Ether N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic Acid Complex

ZHAO Yong-hong;PENG Hui-qing;TANG Yun-zhi;LIU Zhen-xing;GE Zong-tang

2009, 38(5):  1276-1279. 

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A novel dinuclear Cu~Ⅱ complex 1[Cu_4(L)·2H_2O)] ·2H_2O (H_4L = glycol - bis - (α-aminoethyl) ether N, N, N', N'-Tetraacetic acid) was obtained from self-assembly of CuCl_2·2H_2O with title ligand. The crystallzing sample was characterized by elementary analysis and IR spectrum. Its structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex shows a dinuclear copper structure, with crystal data:C2/c,a=2.0984(10) nm,b=0.7536(3) nm,c=1.3555(6)nm,α=90 °,β=90.8980(10) °,V=2.1432(16) nm 3,Z=8, R_1 = 0.0216, wR_2 = 0.0654. In title complex, each ligand chelates two different copper atoms. Local coordination geometry around copper atom can be best described as a slightly distorted pentagonal bipyramid, which connected by one N atom, two O atoms from terminal two different carboxylic group and two water molecules.

Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Crystal Structure of the Organo-tin Compounds {[~nBu_2Sn(OOCC_5H_3(NO_2)_2)]_2O}_2

DU Zong-xi

2009, 38(5):  1280-1284. 

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A novel organo-tin compounds {[~nBu_2Sn(OOCC_5H_3(NO_2)_2)]_2O}_2 was synthesized by the reaction of 3, 5-dinitrobenzoic acid with (n-Bu)_2SnO. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy as well as X-ray single crystal diffractometer. The crystal belongs to triclinic with space group Pī. Crystallographic date: a=1.0705(2) nm, b=1.3333(3) nm,c=1.4360(3) nm,α=68.892(3) °,β=78.297(3) °, γ=80.285(3) °,V=1.8620(7) nm~3 ,Z=1,dc=1.613g/cm~3 ,μ=1.406 mm~(-1),F(000)=908, R_1=0.0408, wR_2=0.0948. The complex is a centrosymmetric dimer structure mode with a four-membered central endo-cyclic Sn_2O_2 unit in which two bridged oxygen atoms both connect with an exo-cyclic tin atom.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antibacterial Activity of Dinuclear Copper Complex [Cu(pht)_2(ba)_2]2

HU Xi-lan;SHI Peng-fei;XU Xing-you;YIN Fu-jun;WANG Da-qi

2009, 38(5):  1285-1289. 

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A new dinuclear copper(II) complex [Cu(pht)_2(ba)_2]_2 was synthesized using 5,5-diphenylimidazoline-2,4-dione, benzylamine and copper acetate as raw materials. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR spectrum and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P_1~- with :a=1.0554(15) nm,b=1.2012(17) nm,c=1.4893(2) nm,α=93.24(2) °,β=102.14(2) °,γ=91.79(2) °,V=1.840(5)nm~3,F(000)=814,Z=1,Dc=1.408 g·cm~(-3),μ=0.648 mm~(-1), the final R_1=0.0973 and wR_2=0.1929.Each Cu(II) is a N4O1 coordination environment with the coordination number five and forms a distortional tetragonal pyramid. The complex was valued for its antimicrobial activity against by agar diffusion method in vitro. It was found to be active against the four test bacterial organisms.

Investigation on Crystal Properties of Supermolecular Complex [Mn(C14H8O4)(C12H12N2)]n

JIANG Min

2009, 38(5):  1290-1294. 

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2,2'- biphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate acid was prepared following the literature method and the resulting needle-like orange crystals Mn(C_(14)H_8O_4)(C_(12)H_(12)N_2) was obtained by hydrothermal method.The complex was characterized by Elemental, X-ray diffraction, IR analysis. Based on the TG curve, the thermal decomposition mechanism of the compound has also been discussed. Basd on the bpda group actting as a tetradenate μ3-bridging ligand,the thermal behavior indidates that the bpda group is more stable than the other ligand benzidine.

Growth of Φ125 mm Optics-grade Sapphire Single Crystal

ZOU Yuqi;LIANG Yu;ZHOU Hai-tao;HUANG Wan-xia;YE Ning

2009, 38(5):  1295-1297. 

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Φ125 mm×180 mm optics-grade sapphire single crystal with mass of 6 kg were grown by Kyropous method. The crystal is transparent, colourless and no visible scattering particle under green ligthing. Especially it have attractive quality such as optical homogeneity of 2.1×10~(-7), and no detected stress stripes both in the a and c directions.