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人工晶体学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (7): 1100-1120.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0016

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薄膜制备方法及其结晶行为对卤化物钙钛矿X射线探测器成像性能的影响研究综述

偰航1,2,3,4,5(), 靳志文1,2,3,4,5()   

  1. 1.兰州大学物理科学与技术学院,兰州 730000
    2.兰州理论物理中心,兰州 730000
    3.甘肃省理论物理重点实验室,兰州 730000
    4.量子理论及应用基础教育部重点实验室,兰州 730000
    5.甘肃省量子物理基础学科研究中心,兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-17 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-30
  • 通信作者: 靳志文,博士,教授。E-mail:jinzw@lzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:偰航(1998—),男,云南省人,博士研究生。E-mail:xhang2024@lzu.edu.cn
    靳志文,兰州大学教授、博士生导师。主要从事新型辐射探测材料与成像技术研究。以通信作者身份在Sci AdvNat CommunAngew Chem Int EdAdv MaterIEEE Electron Device Lett等高水平学术期刊发表论文60余篇,并应邀参与撰写了《先进X射线探测:医学成像与工业应用》(Springer出版)等著作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22279049);中央高校基本科研业务费(lzujbky-2024-ey02);甘肃省自然科学基金(23JRRA1017)

Review on Impact of Film Preparation Method and Crystallization Behavior on the Imaging Performance of Halide Perovskite X-Ray Detectors

XIE Hang1,2,3,4,5(), JIN Zhiwen1,2,3,4,5()   

  1. 1.School of Physical Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE,Lanzhou 730000,China
    5.Gansu Provincial Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Quantum Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2025-01-17 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-30

摘要: X射线探测器在医疗诊断、安全检查、工业探伤和科学研究等领域发挥着至关重要的作用。卤化物钙钛矿(HPs)因X射线吸收系数大、载流子扩散长度长、发光性能优异等特点,在高性能X射线探测领域引起了广泛关注。HPs制备方式灵活,能够方便地加工为多晶膜、晶片等形态。然而,不同制备方法及其结晶行为将导致活性层内的结晶取向、晶界数目、裂纹针孔等器件缺陷以不同的形态分布,显著影响了载流子和闪烁光的传输,对器件的性能产生了很大的影响。因此,阐明不同制备方法中的结晶行为并提出合适的调控方案十分必要。本文系统地梳理了现阶段基于不同制备方法的HPs X射线探测器的研究进展:1)介绍了湿化学法构筑的X射线探测器及结晶调控策略;2)探讨了压膜法中的结晶调控策略、离子迁移的抑制措施及闪烁体晶片探索;3)回顾了气相沉积过程的结晶理论、闪烁体性能提升方案及直接型探测应用的尝试。最后,指出了进一步提高HPs X射线探测器性能表现所面临的挑战与未来展望。

关键词: 卤化物钙钛矿; 湿化学法; 压膜法; 气相沉积法; 结晶动力学; 结晶调控; X射线成像

Abstract: X-ray detectors play a vital role in medical diagnostics, security screening, industrial nondestructive testing, and scientific research. Halide perovskites (HPs) have garnered significant attention for high-performance X-ray detection due to their large X-ray absorption coefficient, long carrier diffusion length, and superior optical properties. Notably, the flexible synthesis of HPs enables facile fabrication into polycrystalline films, wafers, and other forms. However, differences in crystallization behavior induced by fabrication methods result in varied defect distributions within the active layer, such as crystallographic orientation, grain boundaries, cracks, and pinholes, which critically impact charge carrier transport and scintillation efficiency and degrade the device performance. Therefore, elucidating crystallization mechanisms under different fabrication conditions and developing tailored control strategies are imperative. Here we systematically review the recent advances in HPs X-ray detectors: 1) wet chemical synthesis approaches and crystallization regulation strategies; 2) crystallization regulation in pressing methods, ion migration suppression, and scintillator wafer development; 3) analyzing crystallization mechanisms in vapor deposition processes, strategies for enhancing scintillator performance, and exploratory efforts toward direct X-ray detection applications. Finally, we highlight existing challenges and future prospects for advancing HPs X-ray detectors.

Key words: halide perovskite; wet chemical method; pressing method; vapor deposition method; crystallization kinetics; crystallization regulation; X-ray imaging

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