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人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 653-670.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0263

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MPCVD金刚石的应用研究现状及展望

张虹1(), 夏佳琪2, 居一方1(), 张书隆2, 杭寅2,3()   

  1. 1.苏州职业技术大学,苏州 215104
    2.中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所,上海 201800
    3.中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-31 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-09
  • 通信作者: 居一方,讲师。E-mail:juyifang@jssvc.edu.cn
    杭寅,研究员。Email:yhang@siom.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张虹(1990—),女,江苏省人,硕士,讲师。E-mail:zhanghong@jssvc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(62305355);江苏省高职院校青年教师企业实践培训资助项目(2025QYSJ071)

Application Status and Prospects of MPCVD Diamond

ZHANG Hong1(), XIA Jiaqi2, JU Yifang1(), ZHANG Shulong2, HANG Yin2,3()   

  1. 1.Suzhou Polytechnic University,Suzhou 215104,China
    2.Shanghai Institute of Optics and fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China
    3.Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2025-12-31 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-09

摘要: 金刚石集众多优良性能于一身,具有天然材料中最大的硬度、最高的热导率,宽通光波段和优异的电学特性,在精密加工、电子信息、国防军工和航空航天等领域都具有重要应用。近年来,微波等离子化学气相沉积(MPCVD)技术的持续进步显著拓宽了金刚石材料的应用场景。其终端应用已从最初的磨料磨具逐步向多种高附加值领域拓展:在珠宝行业实现高质量培育钻石合成,在热管理领域为高功率器件提供高效散热方案,在光学窗口应用中展现优异的红外透过与激光耐受性能,在半导体、量子技术等领域呈现突破性潜力。本文系统阐述了MPCVD金刚石制备技术的核心原理与生长调控方法,从技术原理、性能优化、产业应用和瓶颈突破的逻辑主线,深入分析MPCVD金刚石在培育钻石、热管理、光学、半导体四大领域的应用现状、核心技术难点与研究进展,结合技术发展趋势与市场需求,展望其在新一代功率电子、航空航天等前沿领域的应用前景,为MPCVD金刚石的技术升级与产业化落地提供理论参考与方向指引。

关键词: MPCVD; 金刚石; 培育钻石; 热管理; 光学; 应用市场

Abstract: Diamond possesses a multitude of excellent properties, with the highest hardness and thermal conductivity among natural materials, wide light transmission range and excellent electrical properties, making it significantly applicable in precision machining, electronic information, defense industry and aerospace. In recent years, the continuous advancement of microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) technology has greatly expanded the application scenarios for diamond materials. Its end-use applications have gradually extended from the initial abrasive tools to high-end fields. Notable examples include the high-quality synthesis of diamond in the jewelry industry, efficient thermal management solutions for high-power electronic devices, superior infrared transmission and laser damage resistance in optical components, and emerging potential in semiconductor and quantum technologies. This paper systematically elaborates on the core principles and growth control methods of MPCVD diamond preparation technology. Following the logical mainline of technical principles, performance optimization, industrial applications and bottleneck breakthroughs, the study offers an in-depth analysis of the current status, key technical challenges and research advances across four major application domains: lab-grown diamond, thermal management, optics and semiconductors. Furthermore, combined with technological development trends and market demand, the future prospects in cutting-edge fields such as next-generation power electronics and aerospace are discussed in this paper, with the aim of providing theoretical insights and strategic directions for the technological advancement and industrial implementation of MPCVD diamond materials.

Key words: MPCVD; diamond; lab-grown diamond; thermal management; optics; application market

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