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人工晶体学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 857-863.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2024.0283

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

p型TBC电池发射极制备工艺

宋志成1,2(), 张博3(), 张春福1, 屈小勇3, 倪玉凤3, 高嘉庆3   

  1. 1.西安电子科技大学微电子学院,宽禁带半导体材料与器件教育部重点实验室,西安 710071
    2.青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司,西宁 810000
    3.青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司西安太阳能电力分公司,西安 710000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-12 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-28
  • 通信作者: 张博,工程师。E-mail:zhangbo02@spic.com.cn
  • 作者简介:宋志成(1985—),男,湖北省人,硕士研究生。E-mail:songzhicheng@spic.com.cn

Preparation Process of Emitter for p-Type TBC Cells

SONG Zhicheng1,2(), ZHANG Bo3(), ZHANG Chunfu1, QU Xiaoyong3, NI Yufeng3, GAO Jiaqing3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices,Ministry of Education,School of Microelectronics,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071,China
    2. QingHai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co. ,Ltd. ,Xining 810000,China
    3. Xi’an Solar Power Branch,QingHai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co. ,Ltd. ,Xi’an 710000,China
  • Received:2024-11-12 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-28

摘要: 将隧穿氧化层钝化接触(TOPCon)结构引入背接触太阳电池结构,制备得到隧穿氧化层钝化接触背接触(TBC)太阳电池,能够有效抑制电子、空穴的复合,提高光电转换效率。本文重点关注p型TBC太阳电池的发射极制备工艺,深入研究了p型硅片上n型隧穿氧化钝化接触结构(n-TOPCon)的制备工艺和钝化性能,通过实验研究了隧穿氧化层生长过程中氧化时间对氧化层厚度的影响,并研究不同厚度的隧穿氧化层对发射极n-TOPCon结构钝化性能的影响。实验结果表明,在氧化温度为600 ℃,氧化时间1 200 s时,隧穿氧化层厚度达到1.52 nm,可以获得最佳的钝化性能,此时隐开路电压达到733 mV,对应的暗饱和电流密度J0为4.41 fA/cm2。之后研究了不同磷扩散温度和不同磷源流量下发射极n-TOPCon的掺杂分布曲线和钝化性能。当扩散温度达到870 ℃时,n-TOPCon结构的隐开路电压可提升至736 mV,随着扩散温度的继续增加,n-TOPCon结构的隐开路电压开始降低。最后研究了在扩散温度相同的情况下,n-TOPCon结构钝化性能与N2-POCl3流量的关系,通过实验发现,随着扩散N2-POCl3流量的增加,n-TOPCon结构钝化性能出现先提升后下降的情况,根据测试结果,当N2-POCl3流量为3 000 sccm时,n-TOPCon结构的隐开路电压可提升至740 mV。

关键词: p型TBC电池; 磷扩散; LPCVD; 掺杂; 钝化性能

Abstract: Introducing the tunneling oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) structure into the back contact solar cells structure, a tunneling oxide passivated contact back contact (TBC) solar cell was prepared, which can effectively suppress the recombination of electrons and holes, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency. This article focuses on the preparation process of the emitter of p-type TBC solar cells, and deeply studies the preparation process and passivation performance of n-type tunneling oxide passivation contact structures (n-TOPCon) on p-type silicon wafers. Through experiments, the influence of oxidation time on the thickness of the oxide layer during the growth process of the tunneling oxide layer was studied, and the effect of different thicknesses of tunneling oxide layers on the passivation of the emitter n-TOPCon structure was investigated. The experimental results show that at an oxidation temperature of 600 ℃ and an oxidation time of 1 200 s, the tunneling oxide layer thickness reaches 1.52 nm, and the optimal passivation performance could be obtained. At this time, the hidden implied open circuit voltage reaches 733 mV, corresponding to J0 of 4.41 fA/cm2. Afterwards, the doping distribution curve and passivation performance of n-TOPCon emitter under different phosphorus diffusion temperatures and phosphorus source flow rates were studied. When the diffusion temperature reaches 870 ℃, the implied open circuit voltage of n-TOPCon can be increased to 736 mV. As the diffusion temperature increases, the implied open circuit voltage of the emitter n-TOPCon structure begins to decrease. Finally, the relationship between the passivation performance of n-TOPCon structure and N2-POCl3 flow rate was studied under the same diffusion temperature. Through experiments, it is found that with the increase of diffusion N2-POCl3 flow rate, the passivation performance of n-TOPCon structure first improve and then decrease. According to the test results, when the N2-POCl3 flow rate is 3 000 sccm, the hidden open circuit voltage of n-TOPCon structure can be increased to 740 mV.

Key words: p-type TBC cell; phosphorus diffusion; LPCVD; doping; passivation performance

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