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人工晶体学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 274-280.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0182

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

导模法制备大尺寸蓝宝石晶体及其性能研究

李清连1,2(), 孙军1,3(), 赵晨成1, 刘子琦1, 许京军1, 王晓亮4,5, 赵鹏4,5, 王玉宝4,6, 黄存新7   

  1. 1.南开大学物理科学学院,天津 300071
    2.南开大学泰达应用物理研究院,弱光非线性光子学教育部重点实验室,天津 300071
    3.中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所,乌鲁木齐 830011
    4.中材人工晶体研究院有限公司,北京 100018
    5.北京中材人工晶体研究院有限公司,北京 100018
    6.中材人工晶体研究院(山东)有限公司,济南 250200
    7.中材高新材料股份有限公司,北京 100102
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-14 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通信作者: 孙军,博士,教授。E-mail:sunjun@ nankai.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李清连(1988—),女,甘肃省人,助理研究员。E-mail:liql@nankai.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3705900)

Preparation and Properties of Large-Sized Sapphire Crystal by Edge-Defined Film-Fed Growth Method

LI Qinglian1,2(), SUN Jun1,3(), ZHAO Chencheng1, LIU Ziqi1, XU Jingjun1, WANG Xiaoliang4,5, ZHAO Peng4,5, WANG Yubao4,6, HUANG Cunxin7   

  1. 1.School of Physics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics,Ministry of Education,TEDA Institute of Applied Physics School of Physics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China
    3.Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China
    4.Sinoma Sythentic Crystal Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100018,China
    5.Beijing Sinoma Sythentic Crystal Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100018,China
    6.Sinoma Sythentic Crystal (Shandong) Co. ,Ltd. ,Jinan 250200,China
    7.Sinoma Advanced Materials Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100102,China
  • Received:2025-08-14 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-03-06

摘要: 本文通过自主设计的大尺寸导模炉制备了尺寸为486 mm×1 000 mm×12 mm的蓝宝石晶体,并对其性能进行了表征。采用X射线衍射仪对晶体的双晶摇摆曲线进行了测试,其摇摆曲线分布对称,半峰全宽(FWHM)仅为20.53″;通过对晶体不同部位的样品进行腐蚀,观察其位错形貌,估算位错密度为103量级;采用能谱仪对腐蚀样品表面元素进行检测,结果表明晶体组分单一,晶体生长过程中没有Mo或C等杂质元素掺入其中;采用大口径双折射应力检测系统对其应力进行了表征,并与泡生法制备的蓝宝石晶体及传统单热场导模炉制备的蓝宝石晶体进行比较,结果表明本文制备的大尺寸蓝宝石晶体应力与泡生法制备的晶体相近,比传统单热场导模炉制备的蓝宝石晶体小近一个数量级;通过万能电子试验机对晶体弯曲强度及弹性模量进行测试,结果表明整个晶体板材力学性能优异,且均匀性较好。上述结果表明,采用自制的大尺寸导模炉制备的蓝宝石晶体性能较好,是大尺寸透明装甲的优选材料。

关键词: 蓝宝石晶体; 导模法; 摇摆曲线; 位错; 应力; 弯曲强度; 弹性模量

Abstract: Modern high-tech warfare imposes stringent requirements on armored equipment,demanding the integration of visualization,superior ballistic resistance,lightweight design,and high maneuverability. Sapphire crystals have emerged as a preferred candidate for novel transparent armor systems,attributed to their exceptional optical,mechanical,thermal properties,and robust corrosion resistance. Constrained by limitations in crystal size and manufacturing costs in the early stages,sapphire crystals were predominantly confined to small-scale components such as fairings and face shields. With the advancement of crystal growth technologies,particularly the edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) method,the fabrication and practical application of large-sized sapphire plates have been successfully realized both domestically and internationally.In this study,large-sized sapphire crystals with dimensions of 486 mm×1 000 mm×12 mm were successfully fabricated for the first time using a self-designed large-scale EFG furnace,and their comprehensive performance was systematically characterized. Double-crystal rocking curve measurements via X-ray diffractometer reveals a symmetric peak profile with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of merely 20.53″,indicating excellent lattice integrity of the as-grown sapphire crystals. Corrosion tests were conducted on samples extracted from different regions of the sapphire crystal using molten KOH;the observation of neat and regular dislocation morphologies enabled the estimation of dislocation density at the magnitude of 103. Surface elemental analysis via energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) demonstrates the high purity and homogeneous composition of the crystals,with no detectable incorporation of impurity elements such as Mo or C during the growth process. Stress characterization was performed utilizing a large-aperture birefringence stress testing system,with comparative analyses against sapphire crystals prepared by the Kyropoulos method and the conventional single-thermal-field EFG furnace. The results indicate that the stress level of the sapphire crystals prepared in this work is comparable to that of Kyropoulos-grown crystals,and nearly one order of magnitude lower than that of crystals fabricated by the traditional single-thermal-field EFG furnace. Mechanical property tests via a universal electronic testing machine verified that the sapphire plates exhibit outstanding bending strength and elastic modulus,coupled with excellent performance uniformity across the entire sample.In conclusion,the large-sized sapphire crystals prepared by the self-designed large-scale EFG furnace demonstrate superior comprehensive performance,rendering them an optimal material for large-sized transparent armor applications. This research not only lays a solid material foundation for the independent research and development,and engineering application of a new generation of high-performance armored equipment,but also holds profound strategic significance and substantial engineering practical value for the advancement of national defense materials technology.

Key words: sapphire crystal; edge-defined film-fed growth method; X-ray rocking curve; dislocation; stress; bending strength; elastic modulus

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