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人工晶体学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (8): 1369-1378.DOI: 10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2024.0316

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紫外氟化钙晶体的生长技术

王斌1,2(), 王晓莉1,2, 侯越云1,2, 刘娇1,2, 刘珊1,2()   

  1. 1.北京一轻研究院有限公司,北京 101111
    2.北京玻璃研究院有限公司,北京 101111
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-09-01
  • 通信作者: 刘珊,博士,高级工程师。E-mail:liushan@bgri.com
  • 作者简介:王斌(1993—),男,山东省人,博士。E-mail:wangbin@bgri.com
  • 基金资助:
    北京市国资委项目

Growth Technology of Ultraviolet Calcium Fluoride Crystals

WANG Bin1,2(), WANG Xiaoli1,2, HOU Yueyun1,2, LIU Jiao1,2, LIU Shan1,2()   

  1. 1.Beijing Industrial Technology Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 101111,China
    2.Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 101111,China
  • Received:2024-12-16 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-09-01

摘要: 氟化钙(CaF2)晶体具有极高的紫外光透过率(>90%@157 nm)、高的激光损伤阈值和低折射率,是实现深紫外光刻的关键材料。随着半导体行业对高精度和高分辨率光刻技术的不断追求,高品质氟化钙晶体及其生长成为人们关注的焦点。本文首先介绍了CaF2晶体的结构和性能特点,以及常见的晶体缺陷,列举了其在光刻系统中的应用要求;随后,介绍了紫外CaF2晶体的生长方法,包括提拉法、坩埚下降法、温度梯度法和平板法;基于现有研究进展,重点讨论了原料纯度和生长工艺在减少晶体缺陷、可定向生长高品质紫外CaF2晶体方面的影响;最后对晶体生长技术的未来进行了展望。

关键词: CaF2; 晶体生长; 光刻; 紫外; 晶体缺陷

Abstract: Calcium fluoride (CaF2) crystals are key materials for deep ultraviolet lithography due to their extremely high UV transmittance (>90%@157 nm), high laser damage threshold, and low refractive index. With the continuous pursuit of high-precision and high-resolution lithography technology in the semiconductor industry, high-quality calcium fluoride crystals and their growth have become the focus of attention. In this paper, the structure and performance characteristics of CaF2 crystals, as well as common crystal defects, are introduced, and its application requirements in lithography systems are listed. Subsequently, the growth methods of ultraviolet CaF2 crystals were reviewed, including the lifting method, the crucible descending method, the temperature ladder method and the plate method. Based on the existing research progress, the effects of raw material purity and growth process in reducing crystal defects and enabling the directional growth of high-quality ultraviolet CaF2 crystals were discussed. Finally, the future of crystal growth technology is prospected.

Key words: CaF2; crystal growth; photoetching; UV; crystal defect

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