Table of Content

15 May 2017, Volume 46 Issue 5

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Fabrication of CuSCN Hole Transporting Layer and Its Influences on Perovskite Solar Cells

ZHAO Shan-zhen;DING Yi;GUO Sheng;SHI Biao;YAO Xin;HOU Fu-hua;ZHENG Cui-cui;ZHANG De-kun;WEI Chang-chun;WANG Guang-cai;ZHAO Ying;ZHANG Xiao-dan

2017, 46(5):  753-758. 

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Planar n-i-p type perovskite solar cells were fabricated by using solution processed CuSCN as the hole transporting layer.The influences of CuSCN fabrication conditions such as annealing temperature, spin coating speed on solar cell performances were carefully investigated.The results show that, solar cells exhibits better performance by using CuSCN films annealed at 70 ℃ for 10 min.Furthermore, by controlling the spin coating speed at 2000 r/min, and fixing the CuSCN film thickness around 240 nm, solar cell performance has been improved substantially to 11.77;.Current work indicates that CuSCN has potential to be a cheap and high performance inorganic hole transporting material.

Key Parameters of Chemical Mechanical Polishing for Obtaining Defect Free 4H-type Conductive SiC Substrate Surface

GUO Yu;PENG Tong-hua;LIU Chun-jun;YUAN Wen-xia;CAI Zhen-li;ZHANG He;WANG Bo

2017, 46(5):  759-765. 

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Colloidal silica slurry was used for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) 4H-type conductive SiC surface to explore the key parameters affecting the surface quality of SiC substrates and obtain higher material removal rate and defect-free surface.The results indicate that SiC surface interact with both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl ion (OH-) to form softer oxidations.The removal rate of SiC increase firstly and then remain unchange when the content of H2O2 or OH-is increase under a certain pressure.The removal rate of SiC increase further when the content of OH-is increase under a higher pressure.By optimizing the polishing parameters, the polishing removal rate of SiC is increased to 142 nm/h.The results show that keeping the balance of chemical and mechanical influence is a key factor to obtain the high removal rate and defect free SiC surface.The results of optical surface analyzer (Candela) and atomic force microscope(AFM) show that the wafer surface has no scratch and the surface roughness is 0.06 nm.The densities of defects are less than 1 /cm2 and the surface roughness is 0.16 nm after epitaxial growing a film of SiC.

Surface Adsorption and Diffusion of GaN Thin Film Grown by MOVPE

TANG Bin-long;ZHANG Hong;ZUO Ran

2017, 46(5):  766-771. 

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Based on the quantum chemistry method, the surface reactions of GaN MOVPE growth were investigated.In particular, the adsorption and diffusion processes of GaCH3 (MMG) on ideal, H-covered and NH2-covered GaN(0001)-plane were calculated and analyzed.By establishing a 3×3 supercell model, the stable adsorption sites, adsorption energies and electron population of MMG on three different surfaces were searched and calculated, and the diffusion energy barriers were also determined.The calculated results show that the stable adsorption sites of MMG are T4 and H3 for all three surfaces, and H3 is slightly more stable than T4.The adsorption energy of MMG on the NH2-covered surface is the largest, that on the H-covered surface is the smallest, and that on the ideal surface is in between.The order of bond strengths between Ga in MMG and the surface adsorbent atoms is Ga-N>Ga-Ga>Ga-H.MMG is less likely to diffuse on the NH2-covered surface than on the ideal and the H-covered surfaces, Therefore, excessive NH2 on the surface inhibits the surface diffusion of MMG.

Effect of Various Surfactants on the Crystal Properties of Mesoporous MgO Crystal

2017, 46(5):  772-777. 

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Effect of various surfactants on the crystalline properties of mesoporous MgO was investigated via liquid phase method with Mg(NO3)2·6H2O as Magnesium source and NH3·H2O as preapitant.crystalline phase, skeletal structure, morphology, pore structure and surface alkalinity of these obtained products were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET and CO2-TPD techniques.The results indicate that various surfactants pose significant impact on the physicochemical properties of mesoporous MgO.The base strength and content of the synthesized products from nonionic PEG-2000 are higher than those samples obtained by using anionic SDS and cationic CTAB as the surfactant.The products obtained from nonionic PEG-2000 possessed distinct properties with weak base and medium base, total base amount of 0.192 mmol·g-1, specific surface area of 145.42 m2·g-1, pore volume of 0.67 cm3·g-1 and average pore diameter of 18.56 nm.

Effect of Nitrogen on the Incorporation of Sulfur during the Diamond Growth under High Pressure and High Temperature

LI Yong;LI Shang-sheng;SHE Yan-chao;GUAN Xue-mao

2017, 46(5):  778-781. 

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In order to study the effect of nitrogen on the incorporation of sulfur into diamond during the diamond growth under high pressure and high temperature conditions, diamond crystals were synthesized in different synthesis systems at pressure of 6.5 GPa using temperature gradient growth method, respectively.The obtained crystals were characterized by FTIR and the results indicate that nitrogen is inexistence in IIa type diamond and the nitrogen concentration of diamond (b) is approximately 280 ppm.Furthermore, the samples were measured by XPS and the measurement results show that sulfur is found in Ib type diamond (b).However, sulfur is absent in IIa type diamond.It allowed us to speculate that the existence of nitrogen in the diamond would enhance the incorporation of sulfur into diamond.

Dynamic Analysis of AT-Cut Quartz Crystal Resonators with FEM Method

LI Hui;CHEN Xiang-dong;ZHAO Jing

2017, 46(5):  782-785. 

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The harmonic response of quartz crystal resonator was discussed based on finite element method.By changing the size of the AT-cut quartz wafer, the vibration displacement distribution for each quartz crystal axial was obtained.The simulation results can be used to analyze the thickness shear vibration mode and the parasitic vibration mode.The comparison between the simulation and the test results showed that the simulation method is helpful to design the quartz crystal resonators.

Synthesized, Characterization and Properties of Supramolecular Coordination Polymer of Manganese Complex with a Bridging-ligand 5-[(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)-amino]-isophthalic Acid

CAO Xiao-cong;JIA Chun-mei;YANG Jun-yi;LI Yu-lin;YUAN Wen-bing

2017, 46(5):  786-791. 

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A novel coordination polymer, poly[[tetraaqua(methanol)(ethanol)bis(μ-5-[(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)-amino]-isophthalicate acid-κ4O1,O2:O1',O2')manganese(II)]bis(methanol)monohydrate],{[Mn2(H2O)4(CH3OH)(C2H5OH)(L)2] (CH3OH)2 H2O}n was synthesized with bivalent Mn ions.This coordination complex was structurally characterized by IR, elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis.The coordination polymer belongs to the triclinic system, the space group: P-1.The unit cell parameters include: a=9.6850(19) nm, b=14.278(3) nm, c=17.666(4) nm, α=87.15(3)°, β=89.99(3)°, γ=83.96(3)°, V=2426.3(8) nm3, Z=2.It displays one-dimensional chain coordination network, and a 3D supramolecular networks formed by the π… π interactions and hydrogen bonds between the chains.Furthermore, solid-state fluorescence test showed that the ligand and its coordination polymer had strong fluorescence at 456 nm (λex=417 nm) and 506 nm (λex=402 nm) at room temperature.

VGF Growth and Property of 4 inch Diameter InP Single Crystals with Low Dislocation Density

2017, 46(5):  792-796. 

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Undoped, S-doped and Fe-doped 4 inch diameter (100) InP single crystals with average dislocation etch pit density less than 5000 cm-2 have been grown by using high pressure vertical temperature gradient Freeze (VGF) method.A multiple points X-ray double crystal diffraction measurement across the 4 inch wafer indicates a full width at half maximum (FWHM) around 30 arcsec with uniform distribution of the rocking curves.Due to the low temperature gradient during the VGF growth process, the possibility of twin generation is quite high compared to that of liquid encapsulated growth process (LEC).However, the orientation of the crystal main body is still (100) direction after the twin formation on the VGF-InP crystal ingots.In this case, a large quantity of (100) single crystal wafers with diameter of 2 inch, 3 inch and 4 inch can be sliced from the ingot.Since the effective segregation coefficient is very low for Fe, polycrystal growth caused by composition super cooling of Fe-doped InP VGF is found frequently.The single crystal yield of the Fe-InP VGF growth can be increased significantly by strictly control the Fe doping quantity and the temperature gradient.Electrical property, dislocation density and its distribution, lattice perfection of the VGF-InP single crystals have been investigated.

SAPO-34/CZA Composite Crystal Structure Properties and Its Catalytic Performance on CO2 Hydrogenation Reaction

2017, 46(5):  797-803. 

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Effects of various phase ratios on structure properties of SAPO-34/CZA composite crystal prepared via coprecipitation coating method and its catalytic performance on CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins were investigated in this paper.These obtained products were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET, NH3-TPD and CO2-TPD techniques to investigate their crystalline phase, skeletal structure, morphology, pore structure and surface acidity and alkalinity.The results indicate that composite phase ratio posed significant impact on the structure properties and catalytic performance of SAPO-34/CZA bifunctional composite catalyst.SAPO-34/CZA catalyst with composite phase ratio of 1∶1 has the distinct characteristics with micropore and mesopore (microporous specific surface area of 53.15 m2·g-1, mesoporous specific surface area of 59.84 m2·g-1, specific surface area of 113.00 m2·g-1, total pore volume 0.41 cm3·g-1, average pore size 14.57 nm) system, novel coating structure and composite interface, indicating the existence of a distinct reaction path and a coupling reaction.Accordingly, the CO2 conversion and light olefins selectivity are reach to 64.80; and 49.68; respectively under the condition of reduction temperature of 285 ℃, reaction temperature of 325 ℃, the reaction pressure of 3.0 MPa, V(H2)/V(CO2) of 3.0 and space velocity of 3500 mL·g-1·h-1.Compared with the blending catalyst SAPO-34/CZA-M, the CO2 conversion and light olefins selectivity of the sample with composite phase ratio of 1∶1 are increase by 31.98; and 2.43;, respectively.

Growth and Fluorescence Properties of KSr2I5∶Eu Single Crystals

LI Ming-yang;WEI Qin-hua;QIN Lai-shun;SHI Hong-sheng

2017, 46(5):  804-808. 

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A ternary alkali metal halide scintillator, potassium strontium iodide, activated with divalent europium (KSr2I5∶ Eu2+) was successfully grown via the Bridgman method in this work.The single crystal machined has sizes up to 15 mm×10 mm×10 mm.The obtained XRD pattern was according with the data in JCPDS 39-1140.The calculated density of KSr2I5∶ Eu was 4.39 g/cm3.Differential scanning calorimetry indicates a congruent melting point of about 470 ℃.The photoluminescence spectrum and the X-ray excited emission spectrum indicate KSr2I5∶ 0.5;Eu single crystal has a single peak at about 445 nm, which dues to the typical 5d→4f transition in Eu2+.In addition, the tested quantum efficiency of KSr2I5∶ 0.5;Eu single crystal was 12.2; with PMTR1306.It is obvious from the above that KSr2I5∶ Eu has potential commercial value as a new scintillation crystal.

Synthesis and Characterization of [Gd(BMBCP)(H2O)4][PMo12O40] · 2.75H2O Coordination Polymer

LI Zhi-meng;HU Jun;ZHI Xia;ZHANG Cai-ling;REN Guo-jian;WANG Fu-xiang;PAN Qin-he

2017, 46(5):  809-813. 

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A two-dimensional Gd (Ⅲ) coordination polymer [Gd(BMBCP)(H2O)4][PMo12O40]·2.75H2O (H2BMBCP·Cl2=1,4-bis (3-carboxylic acid pyridyl-1-methylene) benzene dichloride) (HNU-13) was successfully synthesized by using-Keggin type polyoxometallate [PMo12O40]3-as template in hydrothermal condition.The structure was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffractometer, and the compound was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG).The results show that the structure of the compound is crystallized in the monoclinic system P2(1)/n space group with unit cell parameters a=1.4291 nm,b=1.3772 nm,c=2.8430 nm,α=90.00°, β=91.154°, γ=90.00°, and Z=4.It is worth noting that a layered 4,4-lattice structure is formed by the electrostatic interaction of [PMo12O40]3-with H2BMBCP·Cl2 ligands to form right and left handed helical chains.

Simulation Optimizing Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells with CsGeI3 as Hole Transport Materials

YANG Yong-yong;WANG Li-sheng;XU Wei-kang;ZHANG Yong;WANG Jia-qi;CHEN Feng-xiang

2017, 46(5):  814-819. 

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Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with CsGeI3 as hole transport materials (HTM) are simulated by AFORS-HET software.In the PSCs, TiO2 is used as electron transport layer, CH3NH3PbI3 is the light absorption layer, and C is the back electrode.The influences of light absorption layer, CH3NH3PbI3/CsGeI3 interface and HTM on the solar cell performances are discussed.The simulation results show that the optimal parameters of the PSCs are: Voc=1.199 V, Jsc=22.2 mA·cm-2, FF=86.22;, and PCE=22.95;.These performances of the CsGeI3 HTM PSCs are close to those of the spiro HTM PSCs.While if the production process and the preparation cost are considered, the PSCs with CsGeI3 as HTM will have better application prospect.

Growth of 4 inch Diameter GaSb (100) Single Crystal with Low Dislocation Density and High Quality Substrate Preparation

2017, 46(5):  820-824. 

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Undoped and Te-doped 4 inch diameter (100) GaSb single crystals in 5-8 kg weight have been grown by using liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) and substrate wafer have been prepared.By optimizing the thermal field, single crystal yield as high as 80; have been achieved.Dislocation etch pit density (EPD) of the wafer is less than 500 cm-2 and its X-ray diffraction rocking curves has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) around 29 arcse, indicating a high lattice perfection.The wafer has good electrical uniformity, benefiting from the flat solid-liquid interface during the single crystal growth process.Epi-ready 4 inch GaSb substrate wafer with good flatness and low surface roughness has been prepared.N type GaSb wafer with good near infrared transmittance has been prepared by controlling the native acceptor concentration and doping concentration.

Preparation of Alumina Ceramic Membrane Support at Low Sintering Temperature

CHEN Shi-jun;YU Yang;LIN Xiao-liang;HU Peng-fei

2017, 46(5):  825-831. 

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The α-Al2O3 with 10.16 μm average particle size was used to prepare ceramic support by using slurry casting method.According to orthogonal experiments, the effects of pore forming materials, binders, sintering aids(sodium silicate+TiO2+CaCO3+MgO) and heat preservation time on the properties of supports had been investigated.On the basis of orthogonal experiment, with sintering temperature changing, the ceramic membrane supports with good performance was obtained at low temperature.The orthogonal experiment show that the best combination of factors is confirmed as follows: sodium silicate 4;, pore forming materials 6;, binders 0.6; and the heat preservation 2 h.Between 1400~1450 ℃ low temperature rage, the supports which showed better performance than those with other condition are prepared, and suitable for use as ceramic membrane supports.

Effect of Ca-Feldspar on the Structure and Performance of the Prepared Corundum-Mullite Ceramic Proppant

MA Hai-qiang;TIAN Yu-ming;LI Guo-min;WANG Kai-yue;ZHOU Yi;BAI Pin-bo

2017, 46(5):  832-836. 

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Ceramic proppant was prepared by the main raw material of 2nd grade bauxite and the additive of feldspar at 1350 ℃.The phase composition and microstructure of the proppant were characterized by XRD and SEM respectively.The results show that the phase composition of ceramic proppant is composed of corundum and mullite.As the content of feldspar increases, it is beneficial to boost the nucleation of mullite phase and restrain the growth of mullite.The prepared proppant displays the lowest breakage ratio of 3.2; under 52 MPa closed pressure, the bulk density of 1.72 g/cm3 and the acid solubility of 5.0; when adding 8wt; feldspar, which can meet the requirement in the field of oil and gas exploitation.

Density Functional Theory Study on Electronic and Optical Properties of MgH2

AN Xin-you;YANG Hui;REN Wei-yi;HE Zi-qi;CHEN Tai-hong;ZENG Ti-xian

2017, 46(5):  837-844. 

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Based on the density functional theory, electronic and optical properties of rutile-MgH2 have been investigated using the plane-wave pseudopotential and BFGS approaches.At ground state, rutile-MgH2 crystal has good elasticity stability.The calculated equilibrium structural parameters are in excellent agreement with the experimental and other theoretical results.Mulliken population analysis of rutile-MgH2 indicates that the charge transfers are from Mg to H.The total charge is mainly derived from the Mg2p and H 1s states, and rutile-MgH2 is mixture bonding material (covalent+ionic bond).Combing with the electronic properties and frequency-dependent dielectric function ε(ω), the dielectric function, absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, reflectivity and loss function of rutile-MgH2 were calculated and investigated in detail.Results indicate that the main absorption ranges of rutile-MgH2 are located in ultraviolet region, rutile-MgH2 has a very strong permeability between 24.88 and 42.35 eV, and in high frequency case, it has a very high reflectivity.

Effect of Graphene as Protective Layer on the Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Copper

MA Qiong;ZHANG Hai-xia;GUO Jun-jie;HUANG Zeng-xin;WANG Yong-zhen;XU Bing-she

2017, 46(5):  845-849. 

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High quality and continuous graphene was synthesized on Cu foil using the method of atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition.The corrosion resistances of pure Cu foil and graphene/Cu specimen were tested in 0.1 mol/L NaCl by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques.Compared with pure Cu foil, the corrosion potential of graphene/Cu moves 0.114 V towards the positive direction, but the current density of graphene/Cu decreases by an order of magnitude.And the polarization resistance of graphene/Cu is 4.4 times higher than that of pure Cu foil.The value of impedance modulus increases by about one order of magnitude.All of these results demonstrate that high quality and continuous graphene can inhibit the redox reaction occurring on the Cu foil in the electrolyte, which can increase the corrosion resistance of Cu foil and protect Cu foil from the corrosion effectively.

Study on Flake Silver Powders for Backside Silver Pastes of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

ZHANG Ming;WU Yuan-qing;LIU chun-mei;LI Yuan;LU Xiao-dong;ZHOU Tao;HAN He-cheng

2017, 46(5):  850-854. 

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In an attempt to meet both the highest solar cell conversion efficiency and the lowest cost for backside silver pastes,the effect of flake silver powders with different particle size on performance of backside silver pastes for crystalline silicon solar cells was investigated on condition of low solid contents(45wt;).The flake silver powders with four different sizes were prepared using planetary ball mill.Then the effect of silver powders with different sizes and tap density on morphology as well as electrical performance of sintered membrane were studied when these back silver pastes were printed and further formed back electrodes on solar cells.The results indicated that the flake silver powders with average particle sizes of 2.5 μm have maximum tap density, the back silver electrode made by silver powders mentioned above have the densest surface, the average pull-off force reached 8.5 N and conversion efficiency of solar cell reached 18.09 ;, such backside silver paste could meet present business needs.

One-step Synthesis of Ti-Cr-MCM-48 Molecular Sieve and Its Adsorption Photocatalytic Degradation Performance

YUAN Ye;HAN Huan-re;CHEN Yu-long;QIAN Xin

2017, 46(5):  855-860. 

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Ti-Cr-MCM-48 photocatalyst was successfully synthesized via a facile and rapid single-step approach at room temperature, which takes CTAB as a template, Cr(NO3)3·9H2O and titanium isopropoxide as metallic precursors and TEOS as source of silicon.The resulting samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET and UV-Vis.The photocatalytic activities of the resulting samples were compared by removing RhB under UV and visible light irradiation.The effect of Ti content on the structure and performance of molecular sieve has also been studied, which shows that Ti and Cr can be evenly dispersed on the molecular sieve skeleton at the ratio of n(Ti)/n(Si) is 0.25.The sample 0.25Ti-Cr-MCM-48 has large specific surface area and mesoporous structure, which successfully solves the issue that the specific surface area decreased due to the doping of transition metal.The sample 0.25Ti-Cr-MCM-48 shows excellent adsorption and photocatalytic performance of Rhodamine B, which efficiency reached up to 85; in 3 h.When Ti content is further improved, the cubic phase structure of the molecular sieve are destroyed and the specific surface area has decreased sharply, which leads to the adsorption performance decrease.

Effect of Ar/O2 Flow Ratio on the Microstructures and Optical Properties of CeOx-SnOx Thin Films

NA Cong;JIANG Hong;CAI Si-xiang;FENG Jian;WANG Hong-yan

2017, 46(5):  861-866. 

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CeOx-SnOx thin film were grown on glass via a magnetron co-sputtering process based on cerium and tin target.The structure, morphology and composition of CeOx-SnOx thin film were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The results show that the film grows in island mode.The crystallinity of thin films is enhanced, the occurrence of CeO2 and SnO, with the decreasing of the Ar/O2 flow ratio.In addition, the optical properties of the film was investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy.The investigation indicate that the film reveal a strong UV absorption.The average transmittance of visible is 81.48;, and the transmittance of UV is only 5.80; when the Ar/O2 flow ratio is 3∶1.

Research Progress on the Application of Transition-metal Dichalcogenides in FET

2017, 46(5):  867-873. 

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As a set of two-dimensional materials,transition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDs) have abundant physical properties and have attracted the attention of the academic circles for the important application prospects of its semiconducting properties in semiconductor devices in recent years.The preparation methods of TMDs materials and the progress on their application in field effect transistors are summarized,while the existing problems and potential research directions are proposed.

Mechanism Analysis of Silica Dioxide Agglomeration in the Process of Chlorosilane Residue Hydrolysis

HUANG Bing;DONG Sen-lin;CHEN Liang;YANG Jie;ZHAO Yi;XU Bu-gang;CAI Ji-xiang

2017, 46(5):  874-879. 

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Chlorosilane residue is the by-product in the process of polysilicon production, which is highly productive and high corrosive.In the paper, chlorosilane residue was used as raw material to product silica dioxide via hydrolysis.Additionally, the mechanism of silica dioxide agglomeration and the effects of different methods of hydrolysis and surface active agent on the process of chlorosilane residue hydrolysis were investigated.The results show that the silicon dioxide is generated via gas-liquid reaction of hydrolysis and the product show granular particle characteristics,after adding the surface active agent, the silica dioxide presented good dispersion, in a uniform particle size of 2 μm, moreover, the steric effect of surface active agents has timeliness.

Effect of Zircon, B4C and Coke Additions on Oxidation Resistance Properties of Al2O3-C Refractories

LIU He;ZHU Ling;LI Xiao-chao;MIN Xin;WU Xiao-wen;LIU Yan-gai;FANG Ming-hao;HUANG Zhao-hui

2017, 46(5):  880-884. 

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ZrC-ZrB2-SiC were fabricated by in-situ reaction synthesis using zircon,B4C and coke as raw materials in Al2O3-C refractories.Effect of zircon,B4C and coke additions and temperature on resultant phases was analyzed by XRD.The influence of ZrC-ZrB2-SiC on oxidation resistance of Al2O3-C refractories was studied by XRD and SEM.The mechanism of oxidation resistance was further analyzed.The results show that ZrC-ZrB2-SiC were synthesized in Al2O3-C refractory matrix with the zircon-B4C-coke composite powder addition of 20;, temperature of 1550 ℃, holding time of 3 h.The oxidation resistance of Al2O3-C refractory can be improved significantly.ZrC-ZrB2-SiC formed a dense protective layer and preventing further oxidation of the material.

Preparation and Photoluminescence Property of SiO2 Nanowire/nanoparticle Composite Structure

YANG Xi-bao;LIU Qiu-ying;ZHAO Jing-long;LYU Hang;WANG Qiu-shi;LU Xiao-dong;YAO Zhen;LYU Jun-chao

2017, 46(5):  885-889. 

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SiO2 nanowire/nanoparticle composite structure was prepared by the thermal evaporation mothed.Process Conditions in the preparation of SiO2 nanowire, nanoparticle, and SiO2 nanowire/nanoparticle composite structure were determined.The products were characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman, and PL spectroscopy.The results show that the morphologies and strucutres of the product are controlled by adjusting the growth regions;different from the Si substrate, the luminous area of the SiO2 nanowire/nanoparticle composite structure is mainly concentrated in the yellow-green light range.

Process Parameters Optimization of Micro/Nano-crystalline CVD Diamond Coatings

XU Chen-yang;XIE Ya-juan;DENG Fu-ming;CHEN Li;LEI Qing

2017, 46(5):  890-896. 

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The process parameters were designed by orthogonal experiment.Diamond coatings were synthesized by Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rockwell hardness tester, X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to test the coating properties and cutting tests to determine the optimum carbon source concentration, deposition pressure and hot wire/substrate spacing for the micro and nano layers.The results show that the optimum micro-diamond coating deposition process parameters are carbon source concentration of 2;, deposition pressure 3 kPa, hot wire/substrate spacing 5 mm.The optimum nano-diamond coating deposition process parameters are Carbon source concentration of 5;, deposition pressure 5 kPa, hot wire/substrate spacing 8 mm.

Adsorption of Dye Wastewater by NaA Zeolite from Fly Ash bySolid Transformation Method

SONG Rui-ran;XIAO Min;HU Xiao-jun;LIU Yue

2017, 46(5):  897-902. 

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Fly ash zeolite was synthesized by solid transformation method with coal fly ash.The effects of adsorption time, pH value and concentration of methylene blue (MB) solution, and adsorption temperature on the zeolite adsorption performance of MB were discussed by static adsorption experiment.The synthetical zeolite was characterized by means of SME and XRD.The results show that the synthetic product is NaA zeoite with hetero crystal by analysis of XRD.Analysis of SEM show that the product has spindle structure and cubic structure of NaA zeolite respectively.The removal rate of NaA zeolite can reach more than 90; for the initial concentration of 50-100 mg·L-1 of MB and it was 45; higher than fly ash at the adsorption temperature 25 ℃, pH>5, fly ash zeolite dosage 8 g·L-1, adsorption time 30 min.It is equivalent to commercial zeolite.The process about fly ash zeolite adsorb methylene blue conformed to the Langmuir model which is single molecular layer adsorption.

CZTS Thin Films Solar Cells Prepared By Multi-Period Sputtering Single Target

LU Yi-lei;WANG Shu-rong;LI Zhi-shan;JIANG Zhi;YANG Min

2017, 46(5):  903-907. 

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CZTS thin film solar cells were fabricated by magnetron sputtering multi-period Cu-Sn-Zn precursors.Multi-period includes double periods and four periods, meanwhile multi-period compared with CZTS thin films prepared by single period.The crystal structure, morphology, chemical composition and phase purity of CZTS thin film prepared by different periods were characterized by X Ray Diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) and Raman spectroscopy.The results reveal that the crystal quality of CZTS thin film prepared by multi-period is better than that of single period, especially having uniform and compact surface.The most important is that the CZTS thin films prepared by four periods sputtering are the better experiment group in this paper.Finally, complete device structures were fabricated using CZTS thin film with different sputtering periods, and 2.64; efficiency of CZTS by single period, 3.01; efficiency by double periods and 3.36; efficiency by four periods were obtained, respectively.

Research on Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

DONG En-lai;GAO Meng-di;YANG Si-wang;ZHANG Li-na;LYU Hang;ZHANG Wei;MA Jin-wen

2017, 46(5):  908-914. 

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Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells because of their superb photoelectrochemical performance and very low material costs have received extensive attention in recent years, it has been considered a bright application prospects in solar cells.The photoelectrochemical conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has been greater than 22;, and it shows great potential of development, but poor stability at ultraviolet radiation and water.Hence, the majority of research focus on the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.Various methods to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells and recent development were reviewed.the goal of this review is to provide the methods which improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.

Synthesis of Nano AlN Powder by Soft Urea Pathway

HUANG Xiong;CHENG Yan-ling;Huatay Lin

2017, 46(5):  915-920. 

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High pure nano-sized AlN powder was synthesized by a soft urea way with AlCl3·6H2O as an aluminums source, methanol as a solvent, urea as a solid N source.The structure of the AlN precursor salt was analyzed by FT-IR, the as-obtained powders were characterized by XRD and SEM.The effect of the urea/metal molar ratio R and the calcination temperatures on the crystal structure and morphology of AlN powders was studied significantly.The results show that pure AlN phase is obtained as the urea/metal molar ratio (R) is more than 6, and compound of AlN and Al2O3 are obtained when the R is less than 6;The mor-phology of AlN is also affected by the R value, the size of AlN powder and agglomeration particles decrease with the increase of R value.

Effect of Environment and Granularity on Preparation of NZP Glass Ceramic Alternative Routes (Glass Reaction Sintering)

AI Yong-ping;DU Sheng-lian

2017, 46(5):  921-925. 

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NZP materials because of its adjustable low thermal expansion has potential applications in the thermal shock, and NZP materials also has good chemical and thermal stability, also are frequently used as a ceramic radioactive element in waste package and fixed candidate materials.The NZP-type crystal structure allows a large number of ionic substitutions which leads to ceramics with adjustable thermal expansion properties or interesting ionic conductivity.However, NZP is difficult to fabricate into monoliths because it requires both high temperatures and long sintering times.An alternative low temperature route to obtain a tungsten(IV) and tin(IV) containing NZP crystalline phase uses a process of glass reactive sintering of a phosphate glass.Using a microwave oven, a glass with the appropriate composition in the NaPO3-Sn(II)O-W(VI)O3 ternary diagram is prepared by a conventional melting and casting technique.After crushing, the glass powder is pressed at room temperature.The green pellet is cured during various times at temperatures where glass reactive sintering takes place.DTA experiments, we have shown that different parameters influence the achievement of NZP phase.Consequently,specific conditions, such as initial glass composition,lass particle size lower than 100 μm, curing conducted under air, are required to obtain a glass-ceramic with a single crystalline phase with the NZP-type crystal structure.Sintering process requires the presence of aerobic, but the improvement of oxygen partial pressure of NZP phase content didn't make improvement.In addition, to strictly control the temperature higher than 710 ℃, guaranteed the NZP does not contain any phase of glass ceramic.

Polarization Switch Based on Graphene Metamaterial

ZHU Yu-guang;SUN Wen-wen;FANG Yun-tuan

2017, 46(5):  926-930. 

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In order to design tunable optical switch, a compound structure composed of one-dimensional photonic crystal and graphene metamaterial is designed.The transmission properties of the designed structure are studied through transfer matrix method.The absorption and anisotropy of graphene metamaterial lead that the transmission is dependent on the polarization direction.Through the rotation of polarization direction, the transmittance and absorption can be dynamically adjusted, and the total transformation from the transmission to reflection or absorption can be also achieved.

Effect of Vacancy Defects on Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Zigzag Silicon Nanoribbons

YANG Yan-ni;WANG Cheng

2017, 46(5):  931-936. 

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Based on the density function theory, using the first-principles projector augmented wave potential under the generalized gradient approximation, we investigate the electronic structure and magnetism of zigzag silicon nanoribbons with a monovacancy or a divacancy.The results show that Zigzag silicon nanoribbons with a monovacancy (a divacancy) of different position will become a nine side ring (octagon ring) after structural relaxation, the same kind of defect is easier to form in edge region of Zigzag silicon nanoribbons.Either a monovacancy or a divacancy at the center of ribbon, Zigzag silicon nanoribbons change an antiferromagnetism semiconductor to an antiferromagnetism metallic.However, when a monovacancy or a divacancy deviate from the ribbon center, zigzag silicon nanoribbons become ferromagnetic metallic, the difference charge densities are localized only at one edge further to the vacancy, this brings potential applications in the field of spintronics for zigzag silicon nanoribbons.

Preparation and Mechanical Properties Investigation of Textured BN Ceramics

ZHOU Ai-ping;YU Chang-xin;WEI Chun-cheng;LIU Xin-chao;LI Chun-long;LI Pei-jiang

2017, 46(5):  937-941. 

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On the basis of plate-like BN powder,textured BN ceramics were prepared by tape casting combined with hot-pressing technique.By means of XRD,SEM and universal mechanical tester, the structure, fracture surface morphology and mechanical properties of the BN ceramics were studied.Experimental results reveal that the BN grains exhibit preferred orientation along (002) plane.Textured BN ceramics show significantly anisotropic mechanical properties:when the loading direction perpendicular to the lamellar, bending strength and fracture toughness are respectively 53.75 MPa and 1.51 MPa·m1/2, which are superior to the mechanical properties in horizontal direction.Good performance in the vertical direction can be attributed to the crack deflection induced by plate-shaped particles.

Comparative Study on the Synthesis of ZnO Nanocrystals by Sol-gel and Polymer Network Gel Method

LIU Yu-tong;XU Xiao-nan;CHEN Yu;ZHANG Qiu-ping;YUAN Huan;XU Ming

2017, 46(5):  942-949. 

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Effect of different synthetic methods (polymer gel network and sol-gel) on the microstructures and photocatalytic activities of ZnO nanocrystals was studied by XRD, TEM, SEM, XPS and PL.The results show that the grain size of samples obtained by both methods increases with the increase in temperature, this leads to the reduced particle aggregation and defect for better crystallinity.By comparison, it is found that the samples calcinated at 650 ℃ by polymer gel network process exhibit the higher photocatalytic activity, which is attributed to the better crystallinity, more uniform particle distribution, larger specific surface area in the case of keeping high-concentration Chemical adsorption of oxygen.As such, polymer gel network process is a more suitable method in the synthesis of ZnO photocatalyst.

Synthesis of Metallic Ni-doped g-C3N4 and Its Photodegradation Performance

ZHENG Xiao-gang;DU Jing-cheng;LI Zi-li;FU Xiao-jin;YOU Yao-hui;LIU Yong

2017, 46(5):  950-956. 

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The supported catalysts Ni/g-C3N4 with different Ni-doped contents were prepared by impregnation route, and performed for the UV-light driven photodegredation performance in methylene blue.The as-obtained Ni/g-C3N4 samples were characterized by several techniques, including XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, XPS, N2-adsorption, and ICP-OES.The results suggest that the photocatalytic activity of Ni/g-C3N4 catalysts increase with the increasing doping content of metallic nickel nanoparticles while decease with the increasing concentration of methylene blue.The 4-Ni/g-C3N4 sample with Ni-doped dosage of 4.0wt; presented the excellent photocatalytic activity and photodegradation stability.It's ascribe to the active species of superoxide radical (O2·-), hole (h+), and hydroxyl radical (·OH) produced by 4-Ni/g-C3N4 sample in photocatalytic degradation system, of which the superoxide radical is the most important material.Metallic Ni0 species and O2 molecules are converted to the active Ni2+ ions and O2·-radicals under photoproduced ions, respectively.These excited species facilitate the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and reduce the electron-hole recombination, leading to the enhanced in phtocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation.